Surplus, Scarcity and Soil Fertility in Pre-Industrial Austrian Agriculture—The Sustainability Costs  of Inequality

Gizicki-Neundlinger, Michael; Güldner, Dino

doi:10.3390/su9020265

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Notice was taken of the therapeutic effect of such an activity in farming and of the elements concerning human wellbeing. Consequently, sustainable agriculture is better than industrial agriculture because it does not have a negative impact on the rural population, impoverishing farmers and, thus, depriving them of opportunities for development [13]. In that context, there is the need for the balance between all three dimensions of sustainable development.…”

Section: Social Values In Farms' Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Values in Stimulating Organic Production Involvement in Farming—The Case of Poland

et al. 2020

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The main research problem discussed in this paper involves evaluation of the motives of agricultural producers for pursuing and developing organic production. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the role of social values in stimulating decisions of involvement in organic production. Analytical observations were conducted on the basis of responses to surveys on a nation-representative sample in Poland (350 conventional farms and 70 organic farms in 2011; 260 conventional farms and 65 organic farms in 2019). Analyses were conducted in relation to the potential and perspectives for development of organic farming. They were focused on identifying the original motives for such decisions (incentives and disincentives). This allowed for effective evaluation of both the trend and the pace of the studied processes. The development potential of organic farming in Poland was estimated at 5–15% of the total number of farms. The most important factors encouraging farmers to take up production are associated with social values (care for the natural environment and family health). A significant chance for the development of organic production is the expected demand growth, which is also related to social values: the increasing environmental awareness and environmental change of consumption patterns.

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Section: Social Values In Farms' Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Values in Stimulating Organic Production Involvement in Farming—The Case of Poland

et al. 2020

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“…The income aspect is usually raised in the context of sustainable farming. Examples from various countries (Argentina, Austria, Bulgaria, and other developing countries, including the Third World) show that sustainable agriculture is better than industrial agriculture because it does not have a negative impact on the rural population, impoverishing farmers and thus depriving them of opportunities for development [9][10][11][12]. Bacon et al [13] and Hediger [14] argued that sustainable agriculture reduces some of the social costs of industrial farming and vice-versa: the higher socio-economic stability, the stronger the willingness to manifest pro-ecological attitudes, and, for instance, to participate in agri-environmental schemes [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economic Sustainability of Farms under Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union Countries

et al. 2020

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The aim of this paper is to determine the influence of the Common Agricultural Policy’s (CAP) subsidies on the level of economic sustainability of farms by means of three-fold study. To determine the economic sustainability of farms the authors applied the income gap ratio. Next, the level of income differentiation between farms of various economic classes was established. The last part consisted of the recognition of statistically significant CAP schemes that shape agricultural income in farms of different size and in assessing how the respective subsidies should increase or decrease to fill the recognized gap, based on the coefficients of panel regression. The spatial scope covered all EU countries in 2005–2015. Results show that due to the CAP’s support the average income of farms has approached the average non-agricultural income, but distribution of this support favored the largest farms, increasing disparities within the sector.

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“…J. R. McNeill and Verena Winiwarter (2006) aimed to jump-start the topic in a collection with global scope. Around the same time, several articles presented detailed analysis of soil nutrients, especially nitrogen, in historical agroecosystems (Allen 2008;Cunfer 2004;González de Molina 2002;Krausmann 2004) and more have emerged in recent years, most of them published in sustainability science journals (Aguilera et al 2018;Delgadillo-Vargas et al 2016;Galán del Castillo 2017;García-Ruiz et al 2012;Gingrich et al 2015;Gizicki-Neundlinger and Güldner 2017;Güldner and Krausmann 2017;Güldner et al 2016;Olarieta et al 2019;Tello et al 2012).…”

Section: Soil History and Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Fertility Transitions in the Context of Industrialization, 1750–2000

Güldner¹,

Larsen²,

Cunfer³

2021

Soc. sci. hist.

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Fertile soils are essential for human health and nutrition and formed the foundation of human economies for millennia. Soils deserve close attention from environmental and economic historians and sustainability scientists. Most soil history literature addresses failure: misuse of soil, uncontrolled erosion, and the resulting collapse of past civilizations. More important, however, and of urgent interest for our present and future prosperity, are the mundane ways that historical farm communities sustained soil health, even while cultivating the same land for centuries. This article explains five strategies by which European and North American farmers accessed, recycled, replenished, and sustained soil fertility over 250 years. By evaluating inputs, extractions, transfers, and annual balances of potassium, phosphorus, and, especially, nitrogen, it models historical soil management in a variety of agroecosystems in various geographical settings and through time. This biophysical environmental history, based on socioecological metabolism methods borrowed from sustainability science, reveals ongoing adaptation to shifting social and environmental contexts. As industrialization, global trade, and population accelerated, farmers adjusted their soil fertility strategies to keep up with new pressures and opportunities. Each solution to existing soil fertility constraints created new obstacles and bottlenecks. Through the past quarter millennium, farm sustainability meant constant readjustment to new circumstances. As farmers innovated crop choices and rotations, corralled livestock, adopted new technologies, deployed novel energy sources, and expanded into new lands, they increased food productivity to feed growing world population and supply expanding markets, while maintaining the supply of soil nutrients necessary to fertilize next year’s crop.

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Surplus, Scarcity and Soil Fertility in Pre-Industrial Austrian Agriculture—The Sustainability Costs of Inequality

Cited by 11 publications

References 65 publications

Social Values in Stimulating Organic Production Involvement in Farming—The Case of Poland

Social Values in Stimulating Organic Production Involvement in Farming—The Case of Poland

The Economic Sustainability of Farms under Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union Countries

Soil Fertility Transitions in the Context of Industrialization, 1750–2000

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