Surveillance and control of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

Gottsch, JD

doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70201-6

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Washing of hands and disinfection of instruments do not appear to be suffi cient to control the propagation of EKC outbreaks [44,46,76,77]. A prospective study demonstrated that the application of a hospital infection control protocol against adenovirus can diminish the incidence of epidemic outbreaks and isolated adenoviral conjunctivitis cases through a fouryear period [46,78]. Recently, Dart et al [79] demonstrated again that the application of an EKC identifi cation and control protocol diminishes the incidence of hospital contagion.…”

Section: Pre V Ention and Infection Control/prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human adenovirus: Viral pathogen with increasing importance

Ghebremedhin¹

2014

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

292

242

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The aim of this review is to describe the biology of human adenovirus (HAdV), the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of adenoviral epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and to present a practical update on its diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis. There are two well-defined adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis clinical syndromes: epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) and pharyngoconjunctival fever (PCF), which are caused by different HAdV serotypes. The exact incidence of adenoviral conjunctivitis is still poorly known. However, cases are more frequent during warmer months. The virus is endemic in the general population, and frequently causes severe disease in immunocompromised patients, especially the pediatric patients. Contagion is possible through direct contact or fomites, and the virus is extremely resistant to different physical and chemical agents. The clinical signs or symptoms of conjunctival infection are similar to any other conjunctivitis, with a higher incidence of pseudomembranes. In the cornea, adenoviral infection may lead to keratitis nummularis. Diagnosis is mainly clinical, but its etiology can be confirmed using cell cultures, antigen detection, polymerase chain reaction or immunochromatography. Multiple treatments have been tried for this disease, but none of them seem to be completely effective. Prevention is the most reliable and recommended strategy to control this contagious infection.

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Section: Pre V Ention and Infection Control/prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human adenovirus: Viral pathogen with increasing importance

Ghebremedhin¹

2014

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

292

242

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“…For example, in this audit, there was already a dramatic decrease in the number of departmentally acquired new cases in the week prior to the introduction of infection control procedures. However, previous comparative studies looking into the effectiveness of infection control procedures do support their prompt implementation 16 as soon as the beginning of an outbreak is suspected. Repeating this work would be unnecessary and perhaps unethical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic kerato-conjunctivitis—do outbreaks have to be epidemic?

Cheung

Bremner

Chan

2003

Eye

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Purpose To study: the epidemiology of an outbreak of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis in a UK teaching hospital; disease presentation and its effect on clinical diagnostic efficiency; patterns of viral transmission between staff and patients; the effectiveness of infection control procedures in minimising outbreaks.Methods Prospective/retrospective clinical audit and retrospective audit of virological culture results: all viral culture swabs taken during an outbreak of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis were analysed. The case records of patients whose viral swabs were positive for adenoviral culture were traced.

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“…For SARSCoV, a cleansing agent such as that used to disinfect against epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) may be used: 21 1000 ppm sodium hypochlorite solution made by a one in 50 dilution of 5.25 per cent household bleach. Surfaces that are more difficult to clean, such as computers, keyboards, telephones and other medical equipment may be wrapped with plastic sheeting such as cling wrap to facilitate cleaning.…”

Section: Equipment Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS, avian flu, bioterror: infection control awareness for the optometrist

Tseng

2007

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Surveillance and control of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis

Cited by 21 publications

References 70 publications

Human adenovirus: Viral pathogen with increasing importance

Human adenovirus: Viral pathogen with increasing importance

Epidemic kerato-conjunctivitis—do outbreaks have to be epidemic?

SARS, avian flu, bioterror: infection control awareness for the optometrist

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