Surveillance and Foresight Process of the Sustainable City Context: Innovation Potential Niches and Trends at the European Level

Abstract

Over the last decades, the environmental situation of the planet has worsened. Much of the pollution and energy consumption is attributed to cities, which are expected to increase in size and population in the coming years. It is therefore necessary to develop systems to make them more sustainable and resilient. In this regard, different agendas, strategies, and regulations have been published, such as the 2030 Agenda. The current research carried out a surveillance and foresight process at the European level in the field of the sustainable city, analyzing actions accomplished, ongoing, or forthcoming from 2014 to the present (2020) and coming years. The objective is to identify the potential niches and opportunities for decision making to develop successful projects in this sector. The study concludes that one of the most promoted themes is related to the environment, highlighting nature and biodiversity in cities to improve environmental quality and achieve the decarbonization necessary to fight climate change. Furthermore, society plays an important role, emphasizing the need to promote the population’s inclusion and empowerment. It also underlines the promotion of urban regeneration, which should include energy transition and digitalization to create smart cities, with local circular economies.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Circular Economies through Sustainable Smart Cities

“…green cluster mainly focuses on research work related to green infrastructure [56] and the environment, highlighting nature and biodiversity [57,58] circular strategies and urban regeneration [59] and the Internet of Things [60]. The blue cluster focuses on smart cities, waste management [48,61], the circular economy, urban branding [48,62], smart technology, and sustainable development [63].…”

“…The aforementioned concentration of efforts, together with the advantages The other clusters are anchored by Arias (green) with 12 items, anchored by Benltoufa (blue) with 11 items, and anchored by Andrade (yellow) with 11 items. The green cluster mainly focuses on research work related to green infrastructure [56] and the environment, highlighting nature and biodiversity [57,58] circular strategies and urban regeneration [59] and the Internet of Things [60]. The blue cluster focuses on smart cities, waste management [48,61], the circular economy, urban branding [48,62], smart technology, and sustainable development [63].…”

Using Niche Model to Analyze Water Consumption Structure in Jinan City, Shandong

“…After relentless development and refinement, at present, a niche mainly reflects the ecological position occupied by organisms in a specific ecosystem [18]. In addition, the niche theory is an important ecological concept that is widely used in urban science, tourism, ecology, nature, and other fields [19][20][21]. Nowadays, many scholars combine the theory of the niche with water consumption structure as a way to reflect the evolution trend of regional water use structure.…”