Surveillance Data Analysis of Typhoid Fever in Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia (2015 - 2019)

Yemata, Getaneh Atikilt; Yenew, Chalachew; Tiruneh, Mulu; Assfaw, Tiagabinesh; Mulatu, Sileshi; Sisay, Ermias

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-720256/v1

Cited by 2 publications

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References 5 publications

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“…The disease is spread through food and water contaminated by animal and human feces (Gomes, 2022). The associated risk factors for the disease are poor hygiene and poor sanitation mainly in low-and middle-income countries compared to the developed countries (Ingle et al, 2020;Muresu et al, 2020;Yemata et al, 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

Community-based methods of using goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) for managing Salmonella typhi

2022

Int. J. Biosci.

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Physalis peruviana has been used for the treatment of bacterial, fungal, protozoan, and viral infections. The purpose of this study was to establish knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the ethnobotanical value of goldenberry plants in the treatment of infections. The study was conducted between April and June 2021 in five villages in the Mbeya Rural District, Tanzania. Through focused group discussion and structured questionnaires, the information was collected from 15 traditional healers and 93 household members. All data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The overall survey revealed that the leaves of the plant are used for typhoid fever treatment. The methods for plant preparation include boiling of leaves (33.3% and 29.8% for traditional healers and household members, respectively) and soaking of ground leaves in cold or hot water (66.7% and 70.2% for traditional healers and household members, respectively). Therefore, among the two methods, soaking leaves in water is preferable compared to boiling because it works better in terms of disease treatment. According to key informants, the differences in efficacy between the two methods could be due to the loss of some phytochemical compounds during boiling, which might be effective against the diseasecausing agent. The differences in efficacy provide access for further research, especially in finding out which compounds might be effective against the disease might be present in Physalis peruviana leaves.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-based methods of using goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) for managing Salmonella typhi

2022

Int. J. Biosci.

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Prevalence of Salmonella Typhi, its associated factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among patients attending Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia

Simion,

Abate,

Alemayehu

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Introduction Salmonella Typhi infections cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries including Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Salmonella Typhi, its associated factors and antibiotic susceptibility profile among suspected typhoid patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 typhoid fever suspected patients at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from June 2022 to September 2022. Data were collected using questionnaires by face-to-face interview. Stool samples for microbiological culture, blood samples for S. Typhi IgM/Entero-check WB rapid test and isolates for antimicrobial susceptibility tests were used through standard procedures and according to the reagents manufactures’ instructions. Hygiene implementation of patients was also assessed using interview. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patient’s were considered. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and logistic regression model analysis was performed to assess associations between S . Typhi infection and the associated sociodemographic and clinical factors. Results The prevalence of S. Typhi IgM/Entero-check WB rapid test and stool culture results were 3.3%; (95% CI: 1.5–5.6) and 3.7%; (95% CI: 1.9–6.3) respectively. Not washing hands after latrine [AOR = 0.85, 95% CI (0.15–4.79), p = 0.05] is not significant but, not washing hands before meal [AOR = 0.053, 95% CI (0.08–0.36), p = 0.03], eating raw vegetables [AOR = 0.024, 95% CI (0.001–0.48), p = 0.015] and drinking water from a stream [AOR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.19–0.70), p = 0.001] were significantly associated with S. Typhi infection, but in terms of AOR, all are preventive. Susceptibility of isolates was 9/10 (90%), 8/10 (80%), and 8/10 (80%) to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol, respectively. The majorities 100% and 80% of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole, respectively. About 40% of the isolates were MDR. Conclusion The prevalence of Salmonella Typhi with MDR has been observed. Therefore, health programmers and stakeholders should make efforts to improve the habit of sanitation, strengthen the capacity of laboratory diagnostic methods and increase awareness of the misprescription and misuse of antibiotics to reduce the impact of MDR bacteria.

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Surveillance Data Analysis of Typhoid Fever in Jimma Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia (2015 - 2019)

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Community-based methods of using goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) for managing Salmonella typhi

Community-based methods of using goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) for managing Salmonella typhi

Prevalence of Salmonella Typhi, its associated factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profile among patients attending Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia

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