Surveillance Immunity: An Emerging Paradigm of Innate Defense Activation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Pukkila-Worley, Read

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005795

Cited by 56 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The significant differential regulation of innate immunity genes upon GO treatment prompted us to investigate a possible correlation to previously obtained gene expression data sets on pathogen infection in C. elegans . The nematode is a well‐established model to study host‐pathogen interaction and the effects on organismal stress responses and innate immunity . Exposure to the human opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14) causes a strong PMK‐1 dependent transcriptional response that correlates with gene expression changes caused by other pathogens, bacterial toxins or heavy metals .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The nematode is a well-established model to study host-pathogen interaction and the effects on organismal stress responses and innate immunity. [30,44] Exposure to the human opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14) causes a strong PMK-1 dependent transcriptional response that correlates with gene expression changes caused by other pathogens, bacterial toxins or heavy metals. [45] Based on our RNA-Seq data, genes that have significantly altered gene expression upon GO treatment show a significant positive Pearson product-moment correlation with genes that are differentially expressed upon PA14 exposure (r = 0.2719412, p = 2.196 × 10 −7 ; Figure 2D).…”

Section: Acute Go Exposure Results In a Transcriptional Induction Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rive

Reina

Wagle

et al. 2019

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Graphene oxide (GO) holds high promise for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in nanomedicine but reportedly displays immunotoxicity, underlining the need for developing functionalized GO with improved biocompatibility. This study describes adverse effects of GO and amino‐functionalized GO (GONH2) during Caenorhabditis elegans development and ageing upon acute or chronic exposure. Chronic GO treatment throughout the C. elegans development causes decreased fecundity and a reduction of animal size, while acute treatment does not lead to any measurable physiological decline. However, RNA‐Sequencing data reveal that acute GO exposure induces innate immune gene expression. The p38 MAP kinase, PMK‐1, which is a well‐established master regulator of innate immunity, protects C. elegans from chronic GO toxicity, as pmk‐1 mutants show reduced tissue‐functionality and facultative vivipary. In a direct comparison, GONH2 exposure does not cause detrimental effects in the wild type or in pmk‐1 mutants, and the innate immune response is considerably less pronounced. This work establishes enhanced biocompatibility of amino‐functionalized GO in a whole‐organism, emphasizing its potential as a biomedical nanomaterial.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Acute Go Exposure Results In a Transcriptional Induction Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Rive

Reina

Wagle

et al. 2019

Small

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“…C. elegans can be infected with multiple human pathogens and have emerged as a powerful system to study host-pathogen interactions [9-19]. Interestingly, many of the same virulence determinants used by pathogens to establish infection in humans are also involved in killing nematodes [20-22].…”

Section: Advantages Of C Elegans In Anti-infective Screening Platformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through these powerful genetic tools, a detailed picture of host-pathogen interactions in C. elegans is emerging, which has offered key insights into evolutionarily conserved principals of innate immune activation and pathogen resistance (Reviewed in [12,14,17-19]). The anti-infective molecules that are being uncovered in C. elegans -based high-throughput screens present interesting probe compounds to dissect these mechanisms in new ways.…”

Section: Small Molecules As Chemical Biology Tools To Dissect Mechanimentioning

confidence: 99%

Caenorhabditis elegans in high-throughput screens for anti-infective compounds

Peterson

Pukkila-Worley

2018

Current Opinion in Immunology

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New classes of antimicrobials that are effective therapies for infections with multi-drug resistant pathogens are urgently needed. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been incorporated into small molecule screening platforms to identify anti-infective compounds that provide protection of a host during infection. The use of a live animal in these screening systems offers several advantages, including the ability to identify molecules that boost innate immune responses in a manner advantageous to host survival and compounds that disrupt bacterial virulence mechanisms. In addition, new classes of antimicrobials that target the pathogen have been uncovered, as well as interesting chemical probes that can be used to dissect new mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions.

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“…These responses can be induced by microbes and xenobiotics, activating immune and detoxification pathways (Melo and Ruvkun, 2012; Pukkila-Worley et al, 2014; Pukkila-Worley, 2016). As helminths may employ similar strategies to deal with microbial and xenobiotic stresses, the overlap between immune and drug detoxification responses is of particular interest.…”

Section: Sensing the Microbial Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal Interactions between Nematodes and Their Microbial Environments

Midha

Schlosser

Hartmann

2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Parasitic nematode infections are widespread in nature, affecting humans as well as wild, companion, and livestock animals. Most parasitic nematodes inhabit the intestines of their hosts living in close contact with the intestinal microbiota. Many species also have tissue migratory life stages in the absence of severe systemic inflammation of the host. Despite the close coexistence of helminths with numerous microbes, little is known concerning these interactions. While the environmental niche is considerably different, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is also found amongst a diverse microbiota, albeit on decaying organic matter. As a very well characterized model organism that has been intensively studied for several decades, C. elegans interactions with bacteria are much more deeply understood than those of their parasitic counterparts. The enormous breadth of understanding achieved by the C. elegans research community continues to inform many aspects of nematode parasitology. Here, we summarize what is known regarding parasitic nematode-bacterial interactions while comparing and contrasting this with information from work in C. elegans. This review highlights findings concerning responses to bacterial stimuli, antimicrobial peptides, and the reciprocal influences between nematodes and their environmental bacteria. Furthermore, the microbiota of nematodes as well as alterations in the intestinal microbiota of mammalian hosts by helminth infections are discussed.

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Surveillance Immunity: An Emerging Paradigm of Innate Defense Activation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Cited by 56 publications

References 22 publications

Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Improved Biocompatibility of Amino‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide in Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans in high-throughput screens for anti-infective compounds

Reciprocal Interactions between Nematodes and Their Microbial Environments

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