Surveillance of adverse events associated with local anaesthesia for cataract surgery in Australia and New Zealand

Computed tomography scan measurements of the globe and orbit to assess the risks of traumatic complications from medial peribulbar anaesthesia

“…To reduce the risk of complications, these patients need to be identified by other means such as ultrasound imaging. Alternatively, use of needle blocks could be reduced by utilising existing safer techniques [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 10 ].…”

“…Currently in Australia, the most common form of anaesthesia for cataract surgery is the peribulbar block [ 1 ]. One of the most common techniques uses 25 mm 25 gauge needle.…”

Survey on anaesthesia used for phaco‐emulsification cataract surgery: A needs analysis for teaching topical‐intracameral anaesthesia to ophthalmology trainees

“…Over the past decade, there has been a trend towards lower utilization of sharp needle blocks (retrobulbar and peribulbar anaesthesia) and increasing use of subTenon blocks, TIA and topical anaesthesia . Use of TIA eliminates the risks of eye blocks, which include globe perforation (2.23 per 10 000 cases), periorbital haemorrhage (2.9 per 10 000 cases) and central retinal artery occlusion (0.7 per 10 000 cases) . The recently described paracentral acute middle maculopathy has not been observed after TIA .…”

Anaesthetic perspective to 10 cases of paracentral acute middle maculopathy following cataract surgery

“…In the literature PAMM is rare. Using peribulbar or sub‐Tenon techniques for cataract surgery, the incidence in Australia and New Zealand is estimated to be 1 in 31 400 . A similar audit in the United Kingdom reports a much lower incidence of 1 in 211 700 .…”