Surveillance of Safety and Health Programs and Needs in Small U.S. Businesses

Lentz, Thomas J.; Sieber, William K.; Jones, James; Piacitelli, G.; Catlett, Lauren

doi:10.1080/104732201753214080

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A similar trend has been observed at the national level for the metal fabrication trades [OSHA, 2004d]. Lentz et al [2001] analyzed OSHA inspection data for the manufacturing sector from 1979 to 1999 and found that very small manufacturing facilities (<10 employees) were less frequently inspected and cited for violations when compared to larger sized facilities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Profile of machine safety in small metal fabrication businesses

Samant¹,

Parker²,

Brosseau

et al. 2006

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Profile of machine safety in small metal fabrication businesses

Samant¹,

Parker²,

Brosseau

et al. 2006

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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“…SMEs have had difficulty identifying and characterizing workplace chemical hazards. (30) CB offers practical help. CB models encourage SMEs and workers to develop a greater appreciation for the factors that contribute to occupational exposure risk.…”

Section: Ease Of Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Training Health and Safety Committees to Use Control Banding: Lessons Learned and Opportunities for the United States

Bracker

Morse

Simcox

2009

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Control banding (CB) is a control-focused risk management model that has received international attention. CB strategies are designed to control workplace chemical exposures after the completion of a qualitative risk assessment. Connecticut was one of the first states to provide training on how to use this control-focused tool. Joint labor/management teams and individuals from 34 workplaces attended a control banding workshop and learned how to use one CB model, the United Kingdom (UK) Health and Safety Executive's Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Essentials Toolkit. After the initial training program the investigators used follow-up workshops, questionnaires, site visit data, and case studies to evaluate the training curriculum and assess the utility and effectiveness of this CB strategy. We found that the model is easily learned, although several areas for improvement were identified. Participants from 10 workplaces used COSHH Essentials to evaluate at least one task. The training curriculum was effective in that the agreement between the exposure variables coded by these workplaces and one of the workshop instructors, a certified industrial hygienist (CIH), were highly concordant. The training curriculum and the model promoted a discussion of risk between workers and managers and resulted in the implementation of improvements in the work environment. The model agreed with both the CIH's and the worksites' qualitative risk assessments 65% of the time, and likely over-controlled for 71% (5/7) of the cases of nonagreement. Feedback from workshop participants benefits the current dialogue on the implications of implementing CB in the United States.

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“…It is uncertain the degree to which the result can be generalized to earlier time periods. The nding that higher concentrations occurred in small companies may relate to less focus on health and safety, fewer nancial resources to purchase new and cleaner technology, (30) or the result may be due to chance. Since this nding was only of borderline signi cance, it needs to be conrmed in future studies.…”

Section: Table IVmentioning

confidence: 98%

Exposure of Danish Workers to Trichloroethylene, 1947-1989

Raaschou-Nielsen¹,

Hansen²,

Thomsen³

et al. 2002

Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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The aim of this study was to investigate the exposure of Danish workers to trichloroethylene (TCE) and the factors that affected such exposure. Data from Danish health authorities were evaluated for use in an epidemiological study of possible adverse health effects of TCE. The paper files relating to 1,075 air measurements taken between 1947 and 1989 at 150 companies were examined to extract information about calendar year, company, industry, type of measurement, and worker. Multiple regression models were used to analyze the effects of various factors on the concentration of TCE. TCE concentrations decreased over the four decades studied. The geometric mean was 329 mg/m3 for measurements taken 1947-1959, and 260 mg/m3, 53 mg/m3, and 23 mg/m3, respectively, for the three subsequent decades. Regression analyses showed that 1) TCE concentrations decreased on average 4 percent per year before 1964 and 15 percent per year afterward; 2) area and personal measurements gave similar concentrations (for the same calendar period, industry, and duration of measurement); 3) longer-duration measurements were associated with lower TCE concentrations; 4) high TCE concentrations occurred in the iron and metal industry; and, 5) in this industry men were exposed to concentrations two times those of women. Moreover, this study indicated that both the exposure level and the proportion of exposed workers in Danish companies increased with decreasing number of employees. Epidemiological studies of health effects of TCE may benefit from evaluating potential risk within different strata of calendar time, number of company employees, sex, and type of industry.

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Surveillance of Safety and Health Programs and Needs in Small U.S. Businesses

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Profile of machine safety in small metal fabrication businesses

Profile of machine safety in small metal fabrication businesses

Training Health and Safety Committees to Use Control Banding: Lessons Learned and Opportunities for the United States

Exposure of Danish Workers to Trichloroethylene, 1947-1989

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