Surveillance of voluntary HIV testing in Switzerland

Estermann, Josef; Paget, John; Gebhardt, Marette

doi:10.1097/00002030-199212000-00029

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In an attempt to extend the application of single-crystal techniques to powder data by reducing the ambiguity arising from overlap, a new method for unravelling the intensities of severely overlapping reflections, the fast iterative Patterson squaring (FIPS) method (Estermann & Gramlich, 1992), was developed. The results of tests using powder diffraction data from materials with known structures looked very promising (Estermann, 1991). However, a true test, on a polycrystalline material with an unknown structure, that could not be solved using equipartitioned data, was lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ab initio structure determination from severely overlapping powder diffraction data

Estermann¹,

McCusker²,

Baerlocher³

1992

J Appl Cryst

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A new method for unravelling the intensities of severely or exactly overlapping reflections in a powder diffraction pattern has been developed. The fast iterafive Patterson squaring (FIPS) method involves an iterative procedure in which (1) a Patterson function is calculated using equipartitioned data (intensity ratio for overlapping reflections set to 1.0), (2) each point in the map is squared, (3) the new map is back-transformed to obtain new Fourier coefficients, and (4) these coefficients are then extrapo-~W 2 ow.,rl~tp lated to give a new set of ~ hkl values and a new intensity distribution for the overlapping reflections (nonoverlapping ones remain unaffected). The cycle is repeated until the intensity statistics of the overlapping reflections approximate those of the non-overlapping ones. Only after a redistribution of the intensities by the FIPS method was the ab initio structure solution possible for the molecular sieve SAPO-40 (structure-type code AFR), in which 65% of the reflections severely overlap.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ab initio structure determination from severely overlapping powder diffraction data

Estermann¹,

McCusker²,

Baerlocher³

1992

J Appl Cryst

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A profile of HIV testing in Victoria to the end of 1993

Thompson

Stevenson

Crofts

1996

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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Examination of testing patterns for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a population is important because it affects interpretation of surveillance data on new HIV diagnoses and can guide the targeting and evaluation of campaigns to encourage appropriate antibody testing. This report describes a relatively inexpensive mechanism of collecting information on who is being tested for HIV in Victoria (other than at the Blood Bank). The annual number of HIV tests performed in Victoria increased steadily throughout the 1980s but the rate of increase slowed in the early 1990s. By 1993, women accounted for almost half of HIV tests, although they made up only 8 per cent of positive tests. There were marked differences in the volume of testing and testing profiles of different laboratories. The information available on personal risk category and the reasons for HIV tests show that many people of low risk are tested, although conclusions are limited by inadequate information elicited or provided by many requesting doctors. For better information on what is occurring with respect to HIV testing, the fundamental requirement is better compliance from requesting doctors in supplying basic information on who they test and why. (Aust N ZJPublic Health 1996; 20: 165-71) he epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV infection in Victoria is well

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Surveillance of voluntary HIV testing in Switzerland

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Ab initio structure determination from severely overlapping powder diffraction data

Ab initio structure determination from severely overlapping powder diffraction data

A profile of HIV testing in Victoria to the end of 1993

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