Survey of 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami inundation and run-up

Mori, Nobuhito; Takahashi, Tomoyuki; Yasuda, Tomohiro; Yanagisawa, Hideaki

doi:10.1029/2011gl049210

Cited by 543 publications

(317 citation statements)

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“…In Miyagi Prefecture, the first wave was the largest; in Chiba Prefecture, the third wave was the largest (Mori et al 2011). On the Sendai Plain, the maximum water level height was 19.5 m, and the tsunami propagated more than 5 km inland.…”

Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…On the Sendai Plain, the maximum water level height was 19.5 m, and the tsunami propagated more than 5 km inland. Along the coast 50-200 km north of Sendai, the narrow bays focused the tsunami waves, generating the largest inundation heights and runups (Mori et al 2011). Figure 5 shows plots of the total number of deaths (table 5), runup or maximum water height, and maximum inundation by latitude from 35.58N to 428N.…”

Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data were collected by different groups of researchers from throughout Japan who conducted tsunami surveys along a 2,000-km stretch of the Japanese coast following the 2011 Tohoku tsunami (Mori et al 2011). The resulting dataset includes over 5,000 locations (31.58N to 43.78N) with runup heights (elevation at maximum inundation), maximum water level, maximum horizontal distance of inland flooding or inundation, modelled estimated arrival time of the largest wave, and reliability.…”

Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inundation distance and runup heights ''were measured within a few centimeters accuracy from watermarks on buildings, trees, and walls by using a laser range finder, a real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS receiver with a cellular transmitter, and total stations. Run-up height was determined from the maximum landward extent of debris and seawater marks'' (Mori et al 2011). The 30-km zone around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant was not surveyed.…”

Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The earthquake generated a tsunami with wave heights up to 38.9 m (Mori et al 2011), which was responsible for the majority of casualties and a large portion of the physical damage and loss (PEER/EERI/GEER/Tsunami Field Investigation Team 2011). The National Police Agency of Japan (NPA 2011) reported that as of 3 October, there were 15,821 deaths, 3,962 missing, and 5,940 injuries in 20 Japanese prefectures (figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami data available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Geophysical Data Center

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McCullough

Mungov

et al. 2011

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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On 11 March 2011, at 05:46:24 UTC, a magnitude 9.0 Mw earthquake occurred near the east coast of Honshu, Japan. The earthquake generated a tsunami with wave heights up to 38.9 m. The earthquake and tsunami caused almost 20,000 deaths and missing in Japan. The tsunami was observed all over the Pacific Ocean and caused additional deaths in Indonesia and California, USA. The earthquake and tsunami also caused the worst nuclear emergency since Chernobyl. The damage costs resulting from the earthquake and tsunami in Japan will be between 16 and 25 trillion yen. The National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) and co-located World Data Center for Geophysics maintain a global historical event database of tsunamis, significant earthquakes, and significant volcanic eruptions (http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazards/). As of 3 October 2011, NGDC has collected 288 tide gauge observations, 34 Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami (DART 1 ) and bottom pressure recorder (BPR) station observations, and over 5,000 eyewitness reports and post-tsunami field survey measurements. These data will be useful for understanding and modelling tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation on land.

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Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post-tsunami Field Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami data available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Geophysical Data Center

Dunbar

McCullough

Mungov

et al. 2011

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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Near‐field tsunami inundation forecast using the parallel TUNAMI‐N2 model: Application to the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake combined with source inversions

Oishi

Imamura

Sugawara

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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To contribute to tsunami early warning systems, we investigated the currently achievable speed of tsunami inundation simulations on a parallel computer as well as the benefits of high-resolution and faster than real-time inundation predictions. We found that a 5 m resolution inundation simulation can be 75 times faster than real time, requiring only 1.5 min to overview the inundation situation in Sendai City for the 2011 Tohoku tsunami. We developed a novel parallel tsunami model based on the well-known TUNAMI-N2 model and achieved 9.17 tera Floating-point Operations Per Second (FLOPS) on 9469 CPU cores. The present model can accurately hindcast the observed inundated regions of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami using tsunami source estimations of the tFISH and tFISH/RAPiD algorithms, which can be instantly derived from real-time observation data. The present high-resolution predictions can provide clear images of imminent hazards/disasters and can provide guidance for appropriate evacuation actions.

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Dispersion and nonlinear effects in the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake tsunami

et al. 2014

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This study reveals the roles of the wave dispersion and nonlinear effects for the 2011 TohokuOki earthquake tsunami. We conducted tsunami simulations based on the nonlinear dispersive equations with a high-resolution source model. The simulations successfully reproduced the waveforms recorded in the offshore, deep sea, and focal areas. The calculated inundation area coincided well with the actual inundation for the Sendai Plain, which was the widest inundation area during this event. By conducting sets of simulations with different tsunami equations, we obtained the followings insights into the wave dispersion, nonlinear effects, and energy dissipation for this event. Although the wave dispersion was neglected in most studies, the maximum amplitude was significantly overestimated in the deep sea if the dispersion was not included. The waveform observed at the station with the largest tsunami height ($2 m) among the deep-ocean stations also verified the necessity of the dispersion. It is well known that the nonlinear effects play an important role for the propagation of a tsunami into bays and harbors. Additionally, nonlinear effects need to be considered to accurately model later waves, even for offshore stations. In particular, including nonlinear terms rather than the inundation was more important when precisely modeling the waves reflected from the coast.

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Survey of 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami inundation and run-up

Cited by 543 publications

References 4 publications

2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami data available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Geophysical Data Center

2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami data available from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Geophysical Data Center

Near‐field tsunami inundation forecast using the parallel TUNAMI‐N2 model: Application to the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake combined with source inversions

Dispersion and nonlinear effects in the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake tsunami

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