Survey of autonomous gas leak detection and quantification with snapshot infrared spectral imaging

Abstract

We survey the current state of the art in industrial gas sensing, explaining how existing sensing techniques estimate gas concentration, column density, total volume, and leak rate. We especially focus on the application of snapshot infrared spectral imaging to gas detection and quantification, as this is the newest of the available techniques. After discussing the strengths and weaknesses of each measurement technique for deployment in autonomous sensing, we explain how autonomous detection systems are important to improving sensing capabilities in industrial facilities, and advancing the state of the art.

Review of thermal infrared polarimetry, I: theory

“…When the gas is nonuniform in temperature, however, one must divide the gas cloud into a series of separate parcels, each with their own locally uniform temperature and their own local absorption value (for light passing from one side to the other side of the parcel along the line of sight). [53][54][55] Although this substantially increases the complexity of the calculation, it is a straightforward process to model. In the unlikely case of a linear thermal gradient along the line of sight through the gas cloud, one reaches a result analogous to that of the linear gradient in a solid given in Eq.…”

An integral monitoring concept for data‐driven detection and localization of incipient leakages by fusion of process and environment data

“…Once the PES identification is executed successfully, the current operation needs to be evaluated according to Equation (8). To this end, the H 2 -system norm, which has been widely used in robust control and fault diagnosis, will be applied in this work.…”

“…During online operation the identification of PES should be executed in a moving window manner with a suitable shift of N mw sample instances. The j-th identified PES G PES i over the time interval k À N, k ½ is evaluated as in (8) and this feature can be integrated into the existing process monitoring structure in an industrial setting. After feature generation, fault detection can be achieved by a classification algorithm, for instance.…”

“…[5][6][7] Another way solving this issue is line-and area sensors covering wider ranges. [8][9][10] Beside classical detection methods also other technologies like acoustics are becoming more popular. [11,12] Most of today's detection systems and detectors are installed stationary which could be changed by mobile devices.…”

A Multi-Spectral Thermal Gas Detection Imager Using Uncooled Infrared Camera

“…Passive infrared remote sensing technology has great potential and some instruments have been deployed in real applications. Optical gas imaging (OGI) gas detection has comparative advantages against traditional technical methods [1]. For example, transformer switches in electricity grids filled with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) need scheduled inspection.…”