Survey of electric power supplies used in nuclear fusion experiments

Lampasi, Alessandro; Minucci, S.

doi:10.1109/eeeic.2017.7977851

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Figure 1 summarizes the power demand estimated for the DTT facility. As a tokamak, DTT has an intrinsically pulsed behavior, strictly related to the physics of plasma, which implies that the grid will supply the power in a discontinuous way [3,10,13]. In particular, as shown in Figure 1, the DTT nominal operations are characterized by a baseline with a power absorption lower than 100 MVA and by pulses reaching about 300 MVA for a duration in the range 100-200 s. These periodic pulses are repeated every 3600 s (duty cycle ≈ 200 s/3600 s) and are due to the actual experimental phases, in which a high power is required to control the fusion plasma.…”

Section: Main Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This difference will be exploited for a first load classification and for the selection of the distribution structure. As DTT is an experiment with successive upgrades and possible improvements, the power demand estimation also takes into account some theoretical considerations and experiences in the design of other tokamaks (such as ITER, JT-60SA and FTU [10]). The estimated power demand is compared in Figure 1 with the load profile requested for the connection to the Italian Transmission System Operator (TSO).…”

Section: Main Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design of the electrical power systems of a nuclear-fusion plant is a crucial issue, especially to investigate the possibility to adopt it as an energy source. Unlike DEMO, which is designed to deliver the net electrical energy to the grid [3,9], DTT is an experimental plant, which means that its electrical power systems will be "simpler" than those expected for DEMO [10] and the nuclear requirements are less stringent [11]. Nevertheless, the power systems are not trivial in terms of size and complexity, especially in terms of power density [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the power systems are not trivial in terms of size and complexity, especially in terms of power density [12][13][14]. In fact, all the main types of loads present in ITER (and maybe in DEMO) will be implemented in DTT [12,15,16]: Converter for superconducting and copper coils [14], electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) [17], ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) [18], negative neutral beam injector (NBI) [19], cryogenic and water cooling systems and so on [10,16]. Therefore, DTT may also be a good reduced-scale experiment for the study and the optimization of the power systems for possible ITER upgrades and for DEMO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Design of the Electrical Power Systems for DTT Nuclear Fusion Plant

et al. 2021

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The realization of the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility is one of the key milestones of the European Roadmap, aiming to explore alternative power exhaust solutions for DEMO, the first nuclear-fusion power plant that will be connected to the European grid. For the actual implementation of the DTT and DEMO plants, it is necessary to define the structure of the internal electric power distribution system, able to supply unconventional loads with a sufficient level of reliability. The present paper reports the preliminary studies for the feasibility and realization of the electrical power systems of DTT, describing the methodology adopted to obtain a first distribution configuration and providing some simulation results. In particular, the first stage of the study deals with the survey and characterization of the electrical loads, which allows defining a general layout of the facility and size the main electrical components. To verify the correctness of the assumptions, simulation models of the grid were implemented in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software in order to carry out power flow and fault analyses.

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Section: Main Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Design of the Electrical Power Systems for DTT Nuclear Fusion Plant

et al. 2021

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“…The energy produced by such process is expected to be higher than the energy employed to initiate the fusion reactions. In order to reach high temperatures (about 150 M • C), DEMO could use three different kinds of additional Heating and Current Drive (H&CD) systems [10,12]:…”

Section: Demo Characteristics and Operation Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Loads and Power Systems for the DEMO Nuclear Fusion Project

Minucci

Panella

Ciattaglia³

et al. 2020

Energies

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EU-DEMO is a European project, having the ambitious goal to be the first demonstrative power plant based on nuclear fusion. The electrical power that is expected to be produced is in the order of 700–800 MW, to be delivered via a connection to the European High Voltage electrical grid. The initiation and control of fusion processes, besides the problems related to the nuclear physics, need very complex electrical systems. Moreover, also the conversion of the output power is not trivial, especially because of the inherent discontinuity in the EU-DEMO operations. The present article concerns preliminary studies for the feasibility and realization of the nuclear fusion power plant EU-DEMO, with a special focus on the power electrical systems. In particular, the first stage of the study deals with the survey and analysis of the electrical loads, starting from the steady-state loads. Their impact is so relevant that could jeopardy the efficiency and the convenience of the plant itself. Afterwards, the loads are inserted into a preliminary internal distribution grid, sizing the main electrical components to carry out the power flow analysis, which is based on simulation models implemented in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software.

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