Survey of Health and Use Characterization of Pesticide Appliers in Minnesota

Vf, Garry; Jt, Kelly; Jm, Sprafka; Edwards, Sue; Griffith, Jack

doi:10.1080/00039896.1994.9954984

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although there are few direct studies of the effects of OP and carbamate pesticide exposure on asthma risk, farmworkers' exposure to carbamate pesticides has been associated with the occurrence of asthma after adjustment for other relevant factors (120). Professional fumigators reportedly have an increased occurrence of allergy and asthma in parallel with a higher risk of a > 20% decrease in red blood cell AchE (121). Exposure to chlorpyrifos has also been associated with an increase in the occurrence of atopic conditions (122).…”

Section: Potential Respiratory Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposures of children to organophosphate pesticides and their potential adverse health effects.

Eskenazi

Bradman

Castorina

1999

Environ Health Perspect

593

326

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Recent studies show that young children can be exposed to pesticides during normal oral exploration of their environment and their level of dermal contact with floors and other surfaces. Children living in agricultural areas may be exposed to higher pesticide levels than other children because of pesticides tracked into their homes by household members, by pesticide drift, by breast milk from their farmworker mother, or by playing in nearby fields. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed the extent of children's pesticide exposure, and no studies have examined whether there are adverse health effects of chronic exposure. There is substantial toxicologic evidence that repeated low-level exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides may affect neurodevelopment and growth in developing animals. For example, animal studies have reported neurobehavorial effects such as impairment on maze performance, locomotion, and balance in neonates exposed (italic)in utero(/italic) and during early postnatal life. Possible mechanisms for these effects include inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase, downregulation of muscarinic receptors, decreased brain DNA synthesis, and reduced brain weight in offspring. Research findings also suggest that it is biologically plausible that OP exposure may be related to respiratory disease in children through dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system. The University of California Berkeley Center for Children's Environmental Health Research is working to build a community-university partnership to study the environmental health of rural children. This Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas, or CHAMACOS in Monterey County, California, will assess (italic)in utero(/italic) and postnatal OP pesticide exposure and the relationship of exposure to neurodevelopment, growth, and symptoms of respiratory illness in children. The ultimate goal of the center is to translate research findings into a reduction of children's exposure to pesticides and other environmental agents, and thereby reduce the incidence of environmentally related disease.

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Section: Potential Respiratory Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposures of children to organophosphate pesticides and their potential adverse health effects.

Eskenazi

Bradman

Castorina

1999

Environ Health Perspect

593

326

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Na pesquisa feita em quatro países asiáticos, foram encontradas taxas anuais de 3,0 a 7,0% de intoxicações 16 , sendo 7,0% no caso dos países com dados mais confiáveis 9 . Em outros estudos, as taxas anuais de intoxicações foram 7,5% no Sri Lanka 25 , 9,0% entre aplicadores de pesticidas da Indonésia 21 e 6,1% na Colômbia 24 .…”

Section: Tipos Químicosunclassified

Trabalho rural e intoxicações por agrotóxicos

et al. 2004

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“…Further, the frequency distribution of products used by applicators participating in the reproductive study was no different from that of the products applied by the general study population. Based on application practice, applicator exposure can be assessed according to specific pesticide class use groups (herbicide only; herbicide and insecticide; herbicide, insecticide, fungicide; herbicide, insecticide, fumigant; and use of all four classes of pesticides), with use of herbicides only being the referent group (12,13). The mean number of children per applicator per pesticide exposure group varied from 2.5 (other) to 3.0 (herbicide only) children, with a mean of 2.85 children per applicator for the entire study group.…”

Section: Recurrent Birth Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth defects, season of conception, and sex of children born to pesticide applicators living in the Red River Valley of Minnesota, USA.

Garry

Harkins

Erickson

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

209

119

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We previously demonstrated that the frequency of birth defects among children of residents of the Red River Valley (RRV), Minnesota, USA, was significantly higher than in other major agricultural regions of the state during the years 1989-1991, with children born to male pesticide applicators having the highest risk. The present, smaller cross-sectional study of 695 families and 1,532 children, conducted during 1997-1998, provides a more detailed examination of reproductive health outcomes in farm families ascertained from parent-reported birth defects. In the present study, in the first year of life, the birth defect rate was 31.3 births per 1,000, with 83% of the total reported birth defects confirmed by medical records. Inclusion of children identified with birth or developmental disorders within the first 3 years of life and later led to a rate of 47.0 per 1,000 (72 children from 1,532 live births). Conceptions in spring resulted in significantly more children with birth defects than found in any other season (7.6 vs. 3.7%). Twelve families had more than one child with a birth defect (n = 28 children). Forty-two percent of the children from families with recurrent birth defects were conceived in spring, a significantly higher rate than that for any other season. Three families in the kinships defined contributed a first-degree relative other than a sibling with the same or similar birth defect, consistent with a Mendelian inheritance pattern. The remaining nine families did not follow a Mendelian inheritance pattern. The sex ratio of children with birth defects born to applicator families shows a male predominance (1.75 to 1) across specific pesticide class use and exposure categories exclusive of fungicides. In the fungicide exposure category, normal female births significantly exceed male births (1.25 to 1). Similarly, the proportion of male to female children with birth defects is significantly lower (0.57 to 1; p = 0.02). Adverse neurologic and neurobehavioral developmental effects clustered among the children born to applicators of the fumigant phosphine (odds ratio [OR] = 2.48; confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5.1). Use of the herbicide glyphosate yielded an OR of 3.6 (CI, 1.3-9.6) in the neurobehavioral category. Finally, these studies point out that (a) herbicides applied in the spring may be a factor in the birth defects observed and (b) fungicides can be a significant factor in the determination of sex of the children of the families of the RRV. Thus, two distinct classes of pesticides seem to have adverse effects on different reproductive outcomes. Biologically based confirmatory studies are needed.

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Survey of Health and Use Characterization of Pesticide Appliers in Minnesota

Cited by 33 publications

References 16 publications

Exposures of children to organophosphate pesticides and their potential adverse health effects.

Exposures of children to organophosphate pesticides and their potential adverse health effects.

Trabalho rural e intoxicações por agrotóxicos

Birth defects, season of conception, and sex of children born to pesticide applicators living in the Red River Valley of Minnesota, USA.

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