Survey of Helminths, Ectoparasites, and Chytrid Fungus of an Introduced Population of Cane Toads,<i>Rhinella marina</i>(Anura: Bufonidae), from Grenada, West Indies

Drake, Michael C.; Zieger, Ulrike; Groszkowski, Andrew; Gallardo, Bruce; Sages, Patti; Reavis, Roslyn; Faircloth, Leslie; Jacobson, Krystin; Lonce, Nicholas; Pinckney, Rhonda D.; Cole, Rebecca A.

doi:10.1645/13-470.1

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…It has become an invasive species in several countries around the world, including islands, with reported occurrences in Australia, the southern United States, Hawaii, Fiji, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Europe. Drake et al (2014) found a high prevalence of infection in 95% of Rhinella marina individuals collected on the Island of Granada. Similarly, Pinhão et al (2009) noted a parasite prevalence of 100% and high abundance of acanthocephalans in a population of Rhinella icterica in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Diversity of Acanthocephala parasites in Neotropical amphibians

Olivera,

Campião

2024

J. Helminthol.

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Acanthocephalans constitute a small taxonomic group related to rotifers and specialized in a parasitic lifestyle. Anurans act as paratenic and definitive hosts and infections always occur trophically. Our objective is to describe and summarize the richness of acanthocephalans in Neotropical anurans. We conducted a literature review in the main research databases, compiling data published until August 2021. We identified 66 articles with records of acanthocephalan-anuran association, 53.03% were carried out in Brazil. We detected 108 species of anurans from 11 families parasitized by acanthocephalans. With the exception of Bufonidae, Hylidae and Leptodactylidae, which are relatively well-studied families, interaction with acanthocephalans remains largely unexplored for most anuran species. We found six families of acanthocephalans: Centrorhynchidae, Echinorhynchidae, Oligacanthorhynchidae, Cavisomidae, Neoechinorhynchidae and Plagiorhynchidae. Centrorhynchidae and Echinorhynchidae presented the largest number of taxa associated with anurans. The largest number of records corresponded to acanthocephalans in the larval stage (cystacanths), for which anurans act as paratenic hosts. We observed a lack of specific taxonomic resolution in the identifications of most reports, because a large part of the records in the larval stage make morphological identification difficult. Brazil, Mexico, Paraguay, Argentina, Ecuador and Peru are the countries with the most records, while Costa Rica, Venezuela, Colombia, Chile and Uruguay exhibited the lowest publication numbers, resulting in gaps in the distribution of acanthocephalans. We expanded the known number of anuran species parasitized by acanthocephalans, compared to the last published review. Overall, we aim to contribute to the understanding of diversity within this intriguing but understudied group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Diversity of Acanthocephala parasites in Neotropical amphibians

Olivera,

Campião

2024

J. Helminthol.

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“…As indicated above, P. lutzi and P. goodmani are morphologically similar and the cane toad, Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758), the type host of P. lutzi (see Arredondo & Gil de Pertierra, 2009), was introduced into Mauritius between 1936 and 1938 (Cheke & Hume, 2008). Pseudoacanthocephalus lutzi has been reported from a range of amphibian hosts across South America and the West Indies (Arredondo & Gil de Pertierra, 2009; Amin & Heckmann, 2014, Drake et al , 2014; Toledo et al , 2017) but not from any of the other countries where R. marina has been introduced. Barton (1997) reported that only local parasites had been recorded from Australian cane toads and Barton & Pichelin (1999) recorded only P. bufonis from cane toads in Hawaii, thereby supporting the finding that the species P. goodmani is distinct from P. lutzi .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species ofPseudoacanthocephalus(Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the guttural toad,Sclerophrys gutturalis(Bufonidae), introduced into Mauritius, with comments on the implications of the introductions of toads and their parasites into the UK

Smales

Allain

Wilkinson³

et al. 2020

J. Helminthol.

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Pseudoacanthocephalus goodmani n. sp. is described from faecal pellets collected from Sclerophrys gutturalis (Power, 1927), the guttural toad. The species is characterized by a suite of characters, including a proboscis armature of 14–18 longitudinal rows of 4–6 hooks with simple roots, lemnisci longer than the proboscis receptacle, equatorial testes, a cluster of elongated cement glands and eggs without polar prolongations of the middle membrane 72.6–85.8 long. The toad had been accidentally translocated from Mauritius to the UK in a tourist's luggage and survived a washing machine cycle. The guttural toad was introduced into Mauritius from South Africa in 1922 and the cane toad, Rhinella marina (Linneaus, 1758), from South America, between 1936 and 1938. It seems most likely, therefore, that P. goodmani was introduced, with the guttural toad, from South Africa. The cane toad is host to the similar species, Pseudoacanthocephalus lutzi, from the Americas, but P. lutzi has not been recorded from places where the cane toad has been introduced elsewhere. Clearly, the guttural toad is a hardy and adaptable species, although it seems unlikely that it could become established in Northern Europe. Nevertheless, any accidental translocation of hosts poses the potential risk of introducing unwanted pathogens into the environment and should be guarded against.

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“…Elsewhere in the cane toad’s introduced range, adult acanthocephalans ( Acanthocephalus bufonis ) infected the intestinal tract of 47/48 toads in Hawaii [ 25 ], larval Pseudoacanthocephalu s sp. were present in the small intestine of toads in Grenada [ 26 ] and a cystacanth occurred in the intestinal serosa of toads in Grenada [ 26 ]. Within its native range in Central and South America the intestines of R .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild Cane Toads (Rhinella marina) Expel Foreign Matter from the Coelom via the Urinary Bladder in Response to Internal Injury, Endoparasites and Disease

et al. 2015

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Dissections of >1,200 wild-caught cane toads (Rhinella marina) in tropical Australia confirm a laboratory report that anurans can expel foreign objects from the coelom by incorporating them into the urinary bladder. The foreign objects that we found inside bladders included a diverse array of items (e.g., grass seeds, twigs, insect prey, parasites), many of which may have entered the coelom via rupture of the gut wall. In some cases, the urinary bladder was fused to other organs including liver, fat bodies, ovaries, Bidder’s organs, lungs, mesentery, stomach wall, gall bladder, and the abdominal wall. Acanthocephalan parasites (of a range of developmental stages) were identified from the walls of the urinary bladders of three cane toads. This organ may play a significant role in destroying or excreting metazoan parasites, as well as inanimate objects.

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Survey of Helminths, Ectoparasites, and Chytrid Fungus of an Introduced Population of Cane Toads,Rhinella marina(Anura: Bufonidae), from Grenada, West Indies

Cited by 11 publications

References 73 publications

Diversity of Acanthocephala parasites in Neotropical amphibians

Diversity of Acanthocephala parasites in Neotropical amphibians

A new species ofPseudoacanthocephalus(Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the guttural toad,Sclerophrys gutturalis(Bufonidae), introduced into Mauritius, with comments on the implications of the introductions of toads and their parasites into the UK

Wild Cane Toads (Rhinella marina) Expel Foreign Matter from the Coelom via the Urinary Bladder in Response to Internal Injury, Endoparasites and Disease

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