Survey of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Milk in Hong Kong (1993–1995)

Wong, S.-S.; Lee, Wai-On

doi:10.1093/jaoac/80.6.1332

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The values ranged from 2.6-66 ppb, with a mean level of 20.2 ± 0.009 ppb. More or less similar levels were obtained by Awasthi and Ahuja (1995); Wong and Lee (1997); Storelli et al (2001); Francois et al (2002) and Bayoumi (2003). Level of DDT in milk is lower than its metabolites p-p2-DDE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

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The Effect of Heat Treatment and Bacterial Fermentation on Some Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Raw Milk

2011

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Similar results were obtained by Bluthgen et al (1984); Abouzeid (1994). Considerable higher levels were recorded by El-Hoshy (1997); Wong and Lee (1997); Francois et al (2002). On the other, Elafi et al (1997) reported that dieldrin was not detected in any of analyzed milk samples in Libya.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effect of Heat Treatment and Bacterial Fermentation on Some Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Raw Milk

2011

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal

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“…Currently, yogurt is considered a main component of the Chinese diet because of its health benefits and taste. Yogurt is not only an indicator of POP in pasture and forages, but also one of the major sources of POP entering the human body, thereby causing serious health problems (Wong and Lee, 1997). Thus, monitoring contaminant levels in dairy products is imperative for quantifying dietary exposure to POP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Extractable Persistent Organochlorine Pollutants in Chinese Commercial Yogurt

Zhang

Chai

Sun

et al. 2006

Journal of Dairy Science

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Eighteen Chinese commercial brands of yogurt were collected from supermarkets from December 2002 to April 2003, for characterization of organochlorine pesticides (OCP) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB). Besides monitoring OCP and PCB by gas chromatography, the levels of extractable persistent organochlorine (EPOCl; i.e., sulfuric acid-resistant EPOCl) were also determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The results indicated that the contamination pattern of the selected OCP and PCB were in the order of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDT) approximately hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH) >> aldrin > or = chlordanes > or = heptachlor epoxide and 4-6 chlorinated biphenyls (CB) >> 7-10 CB, respectively. Furthermore, beta-HCH, and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene were the predominant isomers of HCH and DDT residues in yogurt, and PCB with 4,4'- and 2,3,5- substitution patterns were the predominant congeners of PCB residues. Also, the results indicated that the mean level of total chlorine in the identified organochlorine species was below 4% of EPOCl in yogurt, which implied that more than 96% of EPOCl measured in yogurt samples could not be accounted for by selected OCP and PCB.

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“…Muhammad et al (2010) found out that 20-25% milk samples surpassed the MRL levels for chlorpyriphos, cypermethrin and certain other pesticides. Wong and Lee (1997) conducted a survey in Hong Kong and found that 16.6% of the samples contained organochlorine pesticide residues at levels exceeding the Extraneous Maximum Residue Limits of the Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues. Liaska (1968) found out that a well balance US diet contains organochlorines 0.02 mg per kg and organophosphates 0.003 mg per kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the dietary transfer of pesticides to dairy milk and its effect on human health

Iftikhar¹,

Siddiqui²,

Rehman³

2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The transfer of organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in dairy cattle's milk when fed on agroindustrial by-product diet was assessed in this study. The transfer and accumulation of such pesticide in cattle fat tissue and milk was also assessed and the adverse effect on cattle's and human health was also studied. For that purpose, about 80 milk and 30 diet samples were collected from various dairy farms. All samples were extracted with acids using "quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe" (QuEChERS) method and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results show that about 40 and 20% of milk samples had greater content of cypermethrin+chloropyrifos and porfenofos than their maximum residue limits as suggested by World Health Organisation (WHO). Cypermethrin, chloropyrifos and profenofos were present at concentration greater than their maximum residue limits in mixed diet whereas profenofos was completely absent in sugarcane khal and was present in traces in cotton khal but remained within the maximum residue limit. Nonetheless, transfer of residue of parent cypermethrin, chloropyrifos and profenofos to milk was not consistent with diet in all dairy milk samples. This revealed the contention that some other sources such as drinking or inhaling contaminated water or dust are also contributing to pesticide contamination in milk. Cancer potency factor for cypermethrine in children and adults remained within the recommended value. Generally, although pesticides residue in milk was not high enough to cause cancer risk in human, they might cause adverse health effect and delayed toxicity due to their long term accumulation and persistence within cattle's body. Therefore, there was an urgent need to estimate their contents in dairy cattle milk in order to provide a baseline for the health ministry to make safety regulations.

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Survey of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Milk in Hong Kong (1993–1995)

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Heat Treatment and Bacterial Fermentation on Some Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Raw Milk

The Effect of Heat Treatment and Bacterial Fermentation on Some Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Raw Milk

A Survey of Extractable Persistent Organochlorine Pollutants in Chinese Commercial Yogurt

Assessment of the dietary transfer of pesticides to dairy milk and its effect on human health

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