Survey of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and their precursors present in Japanese consumer products

Ye, Feng; Zushi, Yasuyuki; Masunaga, Shigeki

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.026

Cited by 50 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It also suggested that the productions of PFAS in Japan may have been shifted from legacy PFAS to the emerging PFAS. A previous study also reported a low detection frequency of C 8 PFAS in a diversity of consumer products (including car cleaning and coating products, fabric and textile sprays, insecticides, rust inhibitors, and paints) in Japan …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution

Lin

Taniyasu

Yamazaki

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Information regarding the size-dependent distribution of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is very limited. In this study, 248 size-specific PM samples were collected from 9 Asian cities using a portable 4-stage cascade impactor for the analysis of PFAS. Of the 34 investigated PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) were the major compounds. In particular, the emerging PFAS, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid, was quantified in the PM for the first time, with concentrations ranging from <0.086 to 21.5 pg/m3. Spatially, PFOA and PFOS were the predominant compounds in China, while precursors, emerging PFAS, and short-chain PFAS dominated in India, Japan, and South Korea, respectively. Seasonal variations of PFAS may be controlled by regional climate, local or seasonal emission sources, and long-range transport of air masses. Size-dependent distribution was investigated, showing that the majority of PFAS predominantly affiliated in fine particles, while PFOS and its alternatives tended to attach on coarser particles. Moreover, PFOS distributed on specific sizes exhibited seasonal and regional dependency, while no such patterns were observed for PFOA. These findings will provide useful information on the geographical and size-dependent distribution of PFAS in the atmospheric PM.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution

Lin

Taniyasu

Yamazaki

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…We performed a methanol extraction on products following a method modified from prior work. , Methanol is commonly used for consumer product extractions ,,, and is optimal for extracting the anionic compounds quantified with LC-MS/MS (see analyte list below). PFAS analysis was performed using an Agilent (Santa Clara, CA, U.S.A.) 6460 triple quadrupole LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization in negative ion mode, as described elsewhere, with modifications detailed in the Supporting Information (SI).…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do We Measure Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at the Surface of Consumer Products?

Tokranov

Nishizawa

Amadei

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Exposures to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been linked to metabolic disruption, immunotoxicity, and cancer in humans. PFASs are known to be present in diverse consumer products including textiles and food packaging. Here, we present a new method for quantifying the atomic percent fluorine (% F) in the surficial 0.01 μm of consumer products using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface of food contact materials and textiles measured in this study contained up to 28% F and 45% F, respectively. PTFE tape was measured to demonstrate XPS accuracy and precision. Depth profiles of fluorine content in consumer products measured using XPS showed the highest levels at the upper-most surface in contact with the surrounding environment and a decrease below the surface. PFASs released in methanol extracts and quantified using traditional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry typically accounted for <1% of the fluorine measured with XPS in consumer products. We conclude that XPS is a useful technique for characterizing PFASs in consumer products because it can precisely quantify the surficial fluorine content of materials. XPS also allows identification of CF2 and CF3 groups in materials and can elucidate the depth-dependent distribution of fluorine in products.

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“…Until now there has been no requirement under Norwegian law to register PFAS chemicals in articles (not intended to be released) that are imported. Both nonregulated and banned PFAS have been detected in various consumer products, with a potential for human exposure and environmental release (e.g., Herzke et al 2012; Kotthoff et al 2015; Ye et al 2015). Such items may release hazardous chemicals, including potential precursors, during production and use and in waste management/disposal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of PFAS with the aid of chemical product registries—an indispensable tool for future control of hazardous substances

Steindal

Grung

2021

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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The Nordic countries are in the forefront of international chemical regulation and management by actively developing the domestic policy framework, while simultaneously pushing for more stringent control internationally. Norway, Sweden, and Denmark have been particularly progressive in the regulation of the per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Restriction proposals have been developed under the EU Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) and PFAS have been nominated for global restriction under the Stockholm Convention. A key tool in their work has been the product registries (PRs), where all chemicals imported and produced over a certain reporting limit must be registered by the importers and/or producers. In recent years these PRs have been facing opposition, predominantly from the industry. Simultaneously, and in some contrast, several EU countries are mobilizing for measures to control PFAS as a group. We explored the role of PRs in national and international chemical management. By analyzing the Norwegian PFAS data (2009-2017) reported by industry to the government we observed changes in use and temporal trends. A diversification in use and substitutions to alternative PFAS emerged when new policies were developed, representing a challenge for future control and reduction efforts. Instead of loosening up on reporting obligations, as advocated by some industry representatives, our analysis of the PFAS group argues that governments would benefit from a tighter reporting scheme of problematic compound groups. A comprehensive overview of use, production, and import would contribute to more effective control, thereby saving society and the environment from serious damage and tremendous costs. The Nordic PRs will continue to be important supplements to REACH registration and an indispensable tool for future both national and international regulation on PFAS and other hazardous substances. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;00:1-17.

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Survey of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and their precursors present in Japanese consumer products

Cited by 50 publications

References 19 publications

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Air Particles of Asia: Levels, Seasonality, and Size-Dependent Distribution

How Do We Measure Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) at the Surface of Consumer Products?

Management of PFAS with the aid of chemical product registries—an indispensable tool for future control of hazardous substances

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