Survey of Species Cultivated in Brazil and their Biological Applications: A Review

Abstract

Medicinal plants are the basis for the development of numerous drugs, ensuring their effectiveness through pharmaceutical properties, from antimicrobial action to the treatment of infectious diseases. Thus, the present study aimed to carry out a survey of the species cultivated in the municipal garden of Sobral - CE, Brazil, in order to verify in the literature, the medicinal potential and their biological properties. For this, the survey was carried out between January and February 2022, while the bibliographic review followed through the PubMed, SciElo and LILACS platforms. The survey identified 70 species, divided into gardening, fruit, medicinal, native and arboreal groups. Of these, about 90.9% had some therapeutic properties, whether antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory or antinociceptive. Some of these even exhibited all these properties, as is the case of Moringa oleifera, becoming a model for studies. Thus, the raised species have potential for the development of new therapeutic alternatives, whether in the development of a new drug from extracts and essential oils, or even through the enhancement of existing drugs.