Russula anthracina and its ectomycorrhiza are identified on the basis of morphological characters and molecular analysis. The species is characterized by brittle and blackening basidiomata with pinkish lamellae. Ectomycorrhizal morphotypes are characterized by monopodial pinnate
ramification and the presence of typical russuloid cystidia on outer mantle surface. Molecular phylogenetic analysis clustered the ITS sequences generated in this study with other R. anthracina sequences. This is the first report of R. anthracina from Pakistan and South
Asia.