Survey on composition and bioconcentration potential of 12 metallic elements in King Bolete (Boletus edulis) mushroom that emerged at 11 spatially distant sites

Abstract

This paper provides data on baseline concentrations, interrelationships and bioconcentration potential of 12 metallic elements by King Bolete collected from 11 spatially distant sites across Poland. There are significant differences in concentrations of metals (Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, Zn) and their bioconcentration potential in King Bolete Boletus edulis at 11 spatially distant sites surveyed across Poland. These have resulted from significant geographical differences in trace metal concentrations in a layer (0-10 cm) of organic and mineral soil underneath to fruiting bodies and possible local bioavailabilities of macro- (Ca, K, Mg, Na) and trace metals (Al, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sr, Zn) to King Bolete. The use of highly appreciated wild-grown edible King Bolete mushroom has established a baseline measure of regional minerals status, heavy metals pollution and assessment of intake rates for wild mushroom dish fanciers against which future changes can be compared. Data on Cd, Cu and Zn from this study and from literature search can be useful to set the maximum limit of these metals in King Bolete collected from uncontaminated (background) areas. In this report also reviewed are data on Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr and Zn accumulation in King Bolete.

Evaluation of the mercury contamination in mushrooms of genus Leccinum from two different regions of the world: Accumulation, distribution and probable dietary intake

“…Mycelia of mushroom can efficiently mobilize Hg from soil, litter or wood substrate and translocate to the fruiting bodies where Hg is found at elevated amounts (Alonso et al, 2000;Árvay et al, 2014;Falandysz, 2002;Falandysz et al, 2001bFalandysz et al, , 2011Falandysz et al, , 2014bGucia et al, 2012;Melgar et al, 2009;Ostos et al, 2015). Nevertheless, mushroom species differ in their efficiency of take-up and sequestration of Hg in the fruiting bodies (Bargagli and Baldi, 1984;Falandysz et al, 2001aFalandysz et al, , 2002bFalandysz et al, ,d, 2003cFalandysz et al, ,d, 2004Kojta et al, 2012;Melgar et al, 2009;Mielewska et al, 2008;Nasr and Arp, 2011;Nasr et al, 2012;Rieder et al, 2011;Řanda and Kučera, 2004;Vetter and Berta, 1997;Wacko et al, 2008).…”

Mercury in Hazel BoleteLeccinum griseumand soil substratum: Distribution, bioconcentration and dietary exposure

“…[5] Fungi (macrofungi or mushrooms) are organisms that are increasingly well known as efficient accumulators of various metallic elements absorbed by mycelia from the soil substrata. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Many saprobic and mycorrhizal mushrooms efficiently sequester in fruiting bodies, the chalcophile metallic elements that are toxic to biota, e.g., cadmium (Cd), Hg, and silver (Ag). [11,[13][14][15][16] Mushrooms in the areas with elevated or high contents of Hg in topsoil can be highly enriched/contaminated with Hg, while the MeHg is only a small portion (< 5%) of total Hg (THg) sequestered in fruiting bodies.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Many saprobic and mycorrhizal mushrooms efficiently sequester in fruiting bodies, the chalcophile metallic elements that are toxic to biota, e.g., cadmium (Cd), Hg, and silver (Ag). [11,[13][14][15][16] Mushrooms in the areas with elevated or high contents of Hg in topsoil can be highly enriched/contaminated with Hg, while the MeHg is only a small portion (< 5%) of total Hg (THg) sequestered in fruiting bodies. [17][18][19][20] The wild-grown edible mushrooms, which are attractive organic food or food ingredient in different cultures, can be a source of dietary exposure to Hg.…”

Mercury in bay bolete (Xerocomus badius): bioconcentration by fungus and assessment of element intake by humans eating fruiting bodies

“…These quantities do not account for the amount harvested annually by numerous non-commercial collectors in Poland, where wild mushroom picking is a traditional activity. Some species of higher fungi (macromycetes) are known for their ability to accumulate metallic elements, including hazardous heavy metals such as Hg, Cd or Pb (Stijve and Besson 1976;Gast et al 1988;Melgar et al 1998;Falandysz, Szymczyk, et al 2001;Malinowska et al 2004;Dogaˇn et al 2006;Falandysz, Frankowska, et al 2007;Falandysz, Gucia, et al 2007;Falandysz, Kunito, Kubota, Brzostowski, et al 2007;Falandysz, Kunito, Kubota, Lipka, et al 2007;Chudzyn´ski and Falandysz 2008;Falandysz, Kunito, Kubota, Bielawski, et al 2008;Falandysz, Kunito, Kubota, Gucia, et al 2008;Brzostowski et al 2009;Frankowska et al 2010;Brzostowski, Jarzyn´ska, Kojta, et al 2011;Falandysz et al 2011;Jarzyn´ska et al 2011;Kojta et al 2011;. Concentrations of trace elements in underlying soil or other substratum and bioavailability are among the factors that can affect the concentrations of metals in fruiting bodies (carpophores) of fungi (Bargagli and Baldi 1984;Falandysz et al 1994;Ř anda and Kucˇera 2004;Stijve et al 2004;Borovicˇka et al 2010).…”