Survey on Contemporary Chinese Returnees

The role of human mobility in promoting Chinese outward FDI: A neglected factor?

“…In this era of globalisation, human mobility across national borders has become much more vibrant, with more migrants or specialists from emerging economies going abroad for education and working for MNEs, with some of them returning to China (Filatotchev et al, 2011;Wang, 2007). Networks established through such mobilisation are much broader than those formed by diaspora (Adler and Kwon, 2002;Kugler and Rapoport, 2005).…”

“…Due to the shared cultural background, the communication between migrants and Chinese firms may be subject to fewer cultural barriers (Holbum and Zelner, 2010;Kaplan, 2008). The extensive network developed through two-way human mobility and the intensive knowledge embedded within this network may facilitate Chinese OFDI and help Chinese firms reduce the risks and uncertainty associated with overseas operations (Wang, 2007). Based on the above discussion, we incorporate network theory with a particular focus on two-way human mobility into the IDP framework and derive a number of testable hypotheses below.…”

“…While earlier research has focused on the role of diaspora on IFDI in China, these studies can hardly capture the dynamic characteristics and the global scale of Chinese overseas networks (Ng and Tuan, 2002;Smart and Hsu, 2004;Tung and Chung, 2010). More and more Chinese students/scientists have studied/worked in developed countries, such as the US, Canada, Australia, the EU and Japan (Guo et al, 2009;Wang, 2007). From the broader perspective of human mobility proposed in this study, it is highly likely that such an accelerated pace of human mobility helps to expand the global network, which can be accessed by Chinese firms (Filatotchev et al, 2011;Kugler and Rapoport, 2005).…”

Chinese Returnees from Overseas Study: An Understanding of Brain Gain and Brain Circulation in the Age of Globalization

“…This paper uses the concept of brain gain and brain circulation to discuss Chinese mainland students and scholars who have returned to China after completing their higher education or training abroad, since the adoption of the open-door policy in China in 1978. In Chinese, full-time returnees from overseas with advanced education are often called hai gui or "sea turtles"; while those who do not give up their positions abroad but return part-time, are often named hai ou or "seagulls" since they fly back and forth frequently from shore to shore (Wang, 2007;Freeland, 2011, October). The two groups of returnees are chosen as the subject of this study, because their return is often regarded as China's brain gain, at least from a quantitative perspective.…”

Evaluation and Classification of Overseas Talents in China Based on the BWM for Intuitionistic Relations

“…It is important to notice that internationalization is a key-influencing factor for overseas talents [53]. On the one hand, global perspective refers to international experience and cognition of the world technology market [54].…”