Survey on routing in data centers: insights and future directions

Chen, Kai; Hu, Chengchen; Zhang, Xin; Zheng, Kai; Chen, Yan; Vasilakos, Athanasios V.

doi:10.1109/mnet.2011.5958002

Cited by 111 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Extensive simulation results demonstrate that it is possible to switch off idle networking elements, so that the total network power consumption can be reduced without adversely affecting network performance. The work presented in this paper is somewhat preliminary, but shows that energy-aware networking in the data center is promising [30] [31]. In the future, we plan to implement NESS on our prototype system of data center network, which is still under development now.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Network Element Scheduling for Achieving Energy-Aware Data Center Networks

Fang

Liang

Sun

et al. 2014

INT J COMPUT COMMUN

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The goal of data center network is to interconnect a massive number of servers so as to provide reliable and scalable computing and storage infrastructure for cloud-based Internet services and data-intensive scientific applications. Recent studies reveal that the network elements consume 10∼20% of the overall power in a data center, which has introduced a challenge to reducing network energy cost without adversely affecting network performance. Considering unique features of traffic patterns and network topologies in data centers, this paper proposes a novel Network Element Scheduling Scheme (NESS) to reduce data center energy consumption from the networking perspective. The core idea is to turn on only a minimal subset of network elements to satisfy routing requirements, and put to sleep or shut down the rest unneeded ones for energy saving. In NESS, the logical network architecture formed by the active elements not only achieves the basic purpose for server interconnections in data centers, but also can support multi-path routing between pairs of hot servers for load balancing. Simulation experiments are performed in representative data center network topologies, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of NESS in energy conserving on network elements in data centers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Network Element Scheduling for Achieving Energy-Aware Data Center Networks

Fang

Liang

Sun

et al. 2014

INT J COMPUT COMMUN

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“…Other usage examples, such as data replication (whereby chunks of data are replicated at various servers, so as to aid search query latency, for example), distributed file systems in general (such as that in [27]), and Web searching, also give rise to one-tomany and many-to-one communication patterns (see, for example, [11,62]). There is a detailed consideration of multicast, or one-to-many communication, in datacenters in [46].…”

Section: Implementing Communication Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of datacenter usage on symmetry in datacenter network design

Stewart

Erickson

2017

J Supercomput

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We undertake the first formal analysis of the role of symmetry, interpreted broadly, in the design of server-centric datacenter networks. Although symmetry has been mentioned by other researchers, we explicitly relate it to various specific, structural, graph-theoretic properties of datacenter networks. Our analysis of symmetry is motivated by the need to ascertain the usefulness of a datacenter network as regards the support of network virtualization and prevalent communication patterns in multitenanted clouds. We argue that a number of structural concepts relating to symmetry from general interconnection networks, such as recursive-definability, the existence and dynamic construction of spanning trees, pancyclicity, and variations in Hamiltonicity, are appropriate topological metrics to use in this regard. In relation to symmetry, we highlight the relevance of algebraic properties and algebraic constructions within datacenter network design. Built upon our analysis of symmetry, we outline the first technique to embed guest datacenter networks in a host datacenter network that is specifically oriented towards server-centric datacenter networks. In short, we provide the graph-theoretic foundations for the design of server-centric datacenter networks so as to support network virtualization and communication patterns in cloud computing.

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“…This is also referred to as point-to-multipoint or one-to-many traffic model. Multicast is intensively used in applications such as IPTV [20][21], scientific and financial information data distribution [22], and in data center-hosted applications [23] [24]. These applications heavily rely on optical backbone networks for their bandwidth and availability requirements.…”

Section: Optical Multicast Protection Using Network Codingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network coding-based protection

Kamal

Mohandespour

2014

Optical Switching and Networking

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This paper serves as a tutorial lecture on the use of network coding to provide resource efficient, and agile proactive protection. Network coding, which was introduced in [1], allows intermediate network nodes to form linear combinations of packets received on different input links. The use of network coding results in capacity enhancement. This capacity enhancement is used to provide protection channels which are used to carry combinations of redundant data, and are solved by the receivers in order to recover data lost due to network failures.The paper starts by addressing network coding-based protection of bidirectional unicast connections, and explains the use p-Cycles to carry linear combinations of the redundant data units. The paper also discusses an earlier protection strategy which is based on diversity coding, in which the linear combinations are formed at special nodes, including sources, and is used to protect unidirectional connections. A generalized network coding-based protection which uses a tree to carry the linear combinations will be presented. Protection of multicast connections using network coding is also explained

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Survey on routing in data centers: insights and future directions

Cited by 111 publications

References 11 publications

Network Element Scheduling for Achieving Energy-Aware Data Center Networks

Network Element Scheduling for Achieving Energy-Aware Data Center Networks

The influence of datacenter usage on symmetry in datacenter network design

Network coding-based protection

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