Survey on the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in ground beef from an industrial meat plant

Savi, Roberto; Ricchi, M.; Cammi, G.; Garbarino, C.; Leo, S.; Pongolini, Stefano; Arrigoni, N.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.03.013

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…avium subspecies detection showing quite high proportions of PCR positives but no isolate recovery (Klanicova et al, 2011; Lorencova et al, 2014). The outcome of our market situation study may fit best with other reports (Jaravata et al, 2007; Savi et al, 2015). M .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…avium subspecies or M . bovis (Grant, 2010; Klanicova et al, 2011; Faria et al, 2014; Lorencova et al, 2014; Pereira-Suarez et al, 2014; Savi et al, 2015; Cezar et al, 2016). According to the bibliography, animal products in which mycobacteria have been identified include raw and pasteurized milk, milk powder, powdered infant milk formula, cheese, meat, ground meat, fermented meat, ham, salami and sausages obtained from the main livestock species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Mycobacteria by Culture and DNA-Based Methods in Animal-Derived Food Products Purchased at Spanish Supermarkets

et al. 2017

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Mycobacteria include obligate and opportunistic pathogens that cause significant human and animal disease. The burden of tuberculosis has been largely reduced in developed territories but remains a huge problem worldwide. The significance of nontuberculous mycobacteria is growing considerably, especially in developed regions with higher life expectancy and more therapy-related immunosuppressed individuals. Due to their robustness mycobacteria can contaminate animal products by direct transmission from infected individuals or by environmental contamination during processing. The situation at market level is poorly known. Most studies analyzing commercially available foods are limited to a small or local scale and mainly focused on a particular mycobacterial species. There is a need to investigate if animal products that have passed the established controls to be for sale at main supermarkets could represent a route of contact with any mycobacteria. Thus, our goal was to study the prevalence of mycobacteria in these foods to assess if this could represent a source of human exposure. Five stores from the main supermarket chains in Spain were selected. 138 dairy and 119 meat products were purchased. All were processed using culture and multiplex real-time PCR methods. Additional molecular methods were used to specifically identify any positive result. Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (2), M. avium subsp. avium (1), and M. fortuitum (1) were isolated from powdered infant formula and ground beef, chicken sausage, and mortadella cold cut, respectively. Mycobacterial DNA (M. avium, M. tuberculosis complex and other nontuberculous mycobacteria) was detected in 15% of dairy products and 2% of meat products. These results show that the prevalence of viable mycobacteria in foods of animal origin obtained at the supermarket was not substantial although a considerable proportion of them contained mycobacterial DNA. Contact with mycobacteria through this route could be ensured over time. Further investigation is necessary to determine the real impact of foodborne mycobacterial exposure on human health and identify critical points in the food production system to enable setting up more stringent control measures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Mycobacteria by Culture and DNA-Based Methods in Animal-Derived Food Products Purchased at Spanish Supermarkets

et al. 2017

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“…In case of small ruminants (goats and sheep) the site of predilection is intestinal mucosa at ileo-caecal junction and from there disease progresses towards duodenum, whereas in case of large ruminants, disease progresses towards large intestine, hence it is possible to take rectal pinch. Presence of MAP has been reported in beef from USA (Jaravata et al 2007), Denmark (Okara et al 2010) and Italy (Savi et al 2015). With respect to the scale of slaughter of domestic livestock and other animals for meat production and consumption globally, the reports are few on presence of MAP in meat and meat products or cooked meat.…”

Section: Map In Meat Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis –an important food borne pathogen of high public health significance with special reference to India: an update

Chaubey

Singh

Gupta

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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This review underlines the public health significance of 'Indian Bison Type' of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and also its potential as 'zoonotic infection'. In the absence of control programs, bio-load of MAP is increasing and if we take total population of animals (500 million plus) and human beings (1.23 billion plus) into account, the number of infected animals and human beings will run into millions in India. Our research on screening of over 26,000 domestic livestock for MAP infection using 4 different diagnostic tests (microscopy, culture, ELISA and PCR), during last 31 years has shown that the average bio-load of MAP in the livestock population of India is very high (cattle 43%, buffaloes 36%, goats 23% and sheep 41%). 'Mass screening' of 28,291 human samples between 2008-2016 revealed also high bio-load of MAP. It has been proved that MAP is not in-activated during pasteurization and therefore live bacilli are continuously reaching human population by consumption of even pasteurized milk and other milk products. Live bacilli have also been recovered from meat products and the environment thus illustrating the potential of MAP as pathogen of public health concern. However, at present, there is inadequate scientific evidence to confirm a conclusive link between MAP infection and Johne's disease in ruminants and some cases of Crohn's disease in human beings.

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“…The PARATB REAL TIME kit (ADIAVET ™, Rochefort, Belgium) was used. The reactions were carried out in a Rotor-Gene Q (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's instructions [30].…”

Section: Is900-qpcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis in the Feces and Tissue of Small Ruminants Using a Non-Automated Liquid Culture Method

Grossi

Santori

Barone

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple Summary: In Italy, the field isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis in bovine and goats (type II or C) are frequently found while the isolation of MAP in sheep (type I or S) is very rare. The aim of this study was to detect field isolates of MAP in ovine and goats using a non-automated method with liquid media culture. For this purpose, five flocks were investigated by ELISA and some feces of positive animals were tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). All direct PCR positive samples were tested using a non-automated culture method using liquid media. Positive samples were analyzed by typing specific-PCR in order to determine the strain type (I or II). Twenty-eight samples, feces and tissues, were cultivated and 12 of these were positive by qPCR. From 12 positive samples, six strains resulted type I (S), from two flocks and four sheep respectively. We have evaluated a rapid and inexpensive culture method for the recovering of MAP type I, which are mycobacteria extremely growth demanding.Abstract: Paratuberculosis is a chronic disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP). Since isolation of MAP type I (S) is rarely reported in Italy, our research was aimed at isolating, by an inexpensive liquid culture manual method, this type of MAP isolates. At first, we used an ELISA to point out to serologically positive samples from five flocks. Secondly, we used a fecal direct IS900-qPCR on the ELISA positive samples, in order to detect shedder animals. Feces from IS900-qPCR positive samples were inoculated in solid and liquid culture media. IS900-qPCR was further used to test the growth of MAP isolates in liquid medium, which were further confirmed by f57-qPCR and submitted to typing by specific PCR in order to identify the MAP type. Twenty-eight samples (24 fecal and four tissutal samples) were processed by culture methods, resulting in the isolation of six type I MAP field isolates. Notably, no isolates were recovered by solid media, underlining the utility of this liquid method. Few data about this type of MAP are currently available in Italy, and further analyses should be carried out in order to study the origin and epidemiology of type I strains circulating in Italy.

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Survey on the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in ground beef from an industrial meat plant

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Detection of Mycobacteria by Culture and DNA-Based Methods in Animal-Derived Food Products Purchased at Spanish Supermarkets

Detection of Mycobacteria by Culture and DNA-Based Methods in Animal-Derived Food Products Purchased at Spanish Supermarkets

Mycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis –an important food borne pathogen of high public health significance with special reference to India: an update

Isolation of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis in the Feces and Tissue of Small Ruminants Using a Non-Automated Liquid Culture Method

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