Survey protocol for the northern leopard frog /

Kendell, Kris.; Alberta.,

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.115189

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Parasites reduced survival to metamorphosis only in fishless communities emphasizing the importance of community composition in regulating parasite effects. Fishless, ephemeral wetlands are the preferred breeding habitat for many amphibian species including northern leopard frogs (Kendell, 2002 ). However, over recent decades, the abundance and quality of ephemeral wetlands across the landscape have declined due to anthropogenic impacts including climate change, draining for agricultural purposes, and introduction of exotic species (Calhoun et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can predators stabilize host–parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alter amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages

Strasburg

Boone

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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The role of parasites can change depending on the food web community. Predators, for instance, can amplify or dilute parasite effects on their hosts. Likewise, exposure to parasites or predators at one life stage can have long‐term consequences on individual performance and survival, which can influence population and disease dynamics. To understand how predators affect amphibian parasite infections across life stages, we manipulated exposure of northern leopard frog ( Rana pipiens ) tadpoles to three predators (crayfish [ Orconectes rusticus ], bluegill [ Lepomis macrochirus ], or mosquitofish [ Gambusia affinis ]) and to trematode parasites ( Echinostoma spp.) in mesocosms and followed juveniles in outdoor terrestrial enclosures through overwintering. Parasites and predators both had strong impacts on metamorphosis with bluegill and parasites individually reducing metamorph survival. However, when fish were present, the negative effects of parasites on survival was not apparent, likely because fish altered community composition via increased algal food resources. Bluegill also reduced snail abundance, which could explain reduced abundance of parasites in surviving metamorphs. Bluegill and parasite exposure increased mass at metamorphosis, which increased metamorph jumping, swimming, and feeding performance, suggesting that larger frogs would experience better terrestrial survival. Effects on size at metamorphosis persisted in the terrestrial environment but did not influence overwintering survival. Based on our results, we constructed stage‐structured population models to evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of bluegill and parasites on population dynamics. Our models suggested that positive effects of bluegill and parasites on body size may have greater effects on population growth than the direct effects of mortality. This study illustrates how predators can alter the outcome of parasitic infections and highlights the need for long‐term experiments that investigate how changes in host–parasite systems alter population dynamics. We show that some predators reduce parasite effects and have indirect positive effects on surviving individuals potentially increasing host population persistence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can predators stabilize host–parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alter amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages

Strasburg

Boone

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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“…) and, consequently, the MPI that we designed, did not explicitly consider the overwintering phase. This could be a critical point for amphibian species like NLF, which requires a specific habitat (e.g., deep permanent wetlands, Kendell ) to overwinter. However, we attempted to implicitly consider overwintering habitats in the MPI, through including the index hydrological features, such as the presence of wetlands in the terrestrial corridors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breeding starts in spring and lasts until the middle of summer. Eggs are laid near the surface in shallow water, where aquatic vegetation is abundant enough to provide protective cover and a substrate on which to attach egg masses (Kendell ; COSEWIC ). After breeding, adults leave the water and migrate toward the foraging areas, where their preferred habitat is open areas with low‐growing vegetation (COSEWIC ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safeguarding Wetlands and Their Connections within Wetlandscapes to Improve Conservation Outcomes for Threatened Amphibian Species

Zaffaroni

Zamberletti

Creed

et al. 2019

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Wetlands should not be considered as independent objects but as dynamically connected objects, collectively known as wetlandscapes. We developed a framework that analyzes the influences of wetland suitability and connectivity on amphibian distributions. We defined two indices: a Wetland Suitability Index describing wetland quality and a Movement Permeability Index characterizing wetland connectivity for amphibian population dynamics. These indices were calculated from raster datasets and time‐varying inundation estimates. The indices were used to define a wetlandscape and an amphibian model was used to simulate population dynamics within the wetlandscape. The framework was applied to the Nose Creek watershed, a highly modified wetlandscape in Alberta, Canada. Two amphibian species were selected with different habitat preferences: the Northern Leopard Frog that prefers wet habitats and has high mobility over land, and the Great Plains Toad that prefers terrestrial habitats and has low mobility over land. We found each amphibian species had a “preferred” wetlandscape, reflecting their life cycle traits and migration strategies which in turn were dependent on the hydrological and ecological connections within the wetlandscape. This study highlights the importance of investigating both individual wetlands and the wetlandscape and considering both wetland habitat quality and connectivity as non‐substitutable properties that act jointly, but differently, on population dynamics.

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“…The study area encompassed approximately 60,000 km 2 of the prairie ecozone of southern Alberta, Canada, representing approximately 85% of the remaining range of northern leopard frogs in the province (Kendell 2002, Kendell et al 2007, Randall et al 2015). This region has a continental climate and typically experiences warm dry summers with a long growing season and cool dry winters (Alberta Parks 2014).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental DNA surveys can underestimate amphibian occupancy and overestimate detection probability: implications for practice

Randall,

Goldberg,

Moehenschlager

2023

J Wildl Manag

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Environmental DNA analysis of water samples has recently emerged as a powerful tool for studying the distribution, ecology, and conservation of many amphibian species. Validating efficacy through comparison with established methods of detection is important for any new method. We used multi‐method and single‐method occupancy models to explore the effectiveness of 3 techniques for detecting northern leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens) and boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata). We conducted surveys using automated recording units, environmental DNA sampling, and visual encounter surveys in spring (30 Apr–3 Jun) and summer (23 Jul–27 Aug) of 2014 at 68 sites in southern Alberta, Canada. The multi‐method analysis incorporated data from all 3 survey methods while accounting for the lack of independence of detections within a sampling occasion, and we compared this to single‐method analyses to explore occupancy biases associated with each method and differences in method‐specific detection probability. Occupancy and detection probabilities estimated from environmental DNA analyses were biased for northern leopard frogs, overestimating probability of detection and underestimating occupancy. We could not assess bias for boreal chorus frogs because of overdispersion present in in the models. Although no single covariate explained this bias, it was ameliorated (albeit by reducing precision) by including a raw visual count of individuals as a proxy for abundance during the breeding but not the post‐metamorphic season. These results emphasize the need for careful consideration of temporal and spatial aspects of sampling design, conducting pilot studies, and external validation of eDNA‐only occupancy monitoring schemes prior to widespread implementation.

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Survey protocol for the northern leopard frog /

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Can predators stabilize host–parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alter amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages

Can predators stabilize host–parasite interactions? Changes in aquatic predator identity alter amphibian responses and parasite abundance across life stages

Safeguarding Wetlands and Their Connections within Wetlandscapes to Improve Conservation Outcomes for Threatened Amphibian Species

Environmental DNA surveys can underestimate amphibian occupancy and overestimate detection probability: implications for practice

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