Survey: to assess the distribution and impact of potato blackleg and soft rot diseases in Zimbabwe

Ngadze, Elizabeth; Icishahayo, David

doi:10.9790/2380-0721126132

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Soft rot disease causes huge economic losses, estimated to be between 40% to 80% depending on climatic conditions, and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (PCC1) and Dickeya solani (Ds1) are the causal agents of soft rot disease in potato tubers in stores and in the field, where the early decay of mother tubers or seed tuber pieces may occur [13,14,[50][51][52]. The pathological behavior of the isolated bacterial cultures, as well as their cultural, morphological, and physiological characters conform to those known for all soft rot bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Selected Phenolic Acids and Hexane Extracts from Bougainvilla spectabilis and Citharexylum spinosum on the Growth of Pectobacterium carotovorum and Dickeya solani Bacteria: An Opportunity to Save the Environment

et al. 2020

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Phenolic acids and natural extracts, as ecofriendly environmental agents, can be used as bio bactericides against the growth of plant pathogenic bacteria. In this study, isolation trails from infected potato tubers and stems that showed soft rot symptoms in fields revealed two soft rot bacterial isolates and were initially identified through morphological, physiological, and pathogenicity tests. The molecular characterization of these isolates via PCR, based on the 16S rRNA region, was carried out by an analysis of the DNA sequence via BLAST and Genbank, and showed that the soft rot bacterial isolates belong to Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (PCC1) and Dickeya solani (Ds1). The in vitro results of the tested phenolic acids against the cultured bacterial isolates proved that concentrations of 800, 1600, and 3200 μg/mL were the most effective. Ferulic acid was the potent suppressive phenolic acid tested against the Ds1 isolate, with an inhibition zone ranging from 6.00 to 25.75 mm at different concentrations (25–3200 μg/mL), but had no effect until reaching a concentration of 100 μg/mL in the PCC1 isolate, followed by tannic acid, which ranged from 7.00 to 25.50 mm. On the other hand, tannic acid resulted in a significant decrease in the growth rate of the PCC1 isolate with a mean of 9.11 mm. Chlorogenic acid was not as effective as the rest of the phenolic acids compared with the control. The n-hexane oily extract (HeOE) from Bougainvillea spectabilis bark showed the highest activity against PCC1 and Ds1, with inhibition zone values of 12 and 12.33 mm, respectively, at a concentration of 4000 μg/mL; while the HeOE from Citharexylum spinosum wood showed less activity. In the GC/MS analysis, nonanal, an oily liquid compound, was found ata percentage of 38.28%, followed by cis-2-nonenal (9.75%), which are the main compounds in B. spectabilis bark HeOE, and 2-undecenal (22.39%), trans-2-decenal (18.74%), and oleic acid (10.85%) were found, which are the main compounds in C. spinosum wood HeOE. In conclusion, the phenolic acids and plant HeOEs seem to raise the resistance of potato plants, improving their defense mechanisms against soft rot bacterial pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Selected Phenolic Acids and Hexane Extracts from Bougainvilla spectabilis and Citharexylum spinosum on the Growth of Pectobacterium carotovorum and Dickeya solani Bacteria: An Opportunity to Save the Environment

et al. 2020

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“…There have been many reports on the ability of botanical pesticides to suppress anthracnose disease, for example using garlic extract to suppress anthracnose disease in strawberry stolons by 83.7% [18]. Garlic extract is effective in controlling Phythopthora infestans effectively, both in vitro and in vivo [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-vitro effectiveness test of leaf extract of cattapa and derris to control anthracnose in chili

Korlina

Hasyim

2021

E3S Web Conf.

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Anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum capsici) is one of the main problem in the cultivation of chili. This study was aimed to discover about the extract of leaf extract of cattapa (Terminalia catappa L) and leaf extract of derris (Derris elliptica) against the growth of Colletotrichum capsici causes anthracnosis in chilli. The study was conducted at the Mycology Laboratory of Institute Vegetables Research Indonesia, on July - September 2018. The study used a randomized design complete (CRD) with nine treatments and three replications. The treatment consisted of: leaf extract of derris (0.5%; 1.0%; 1.5%; 2.0%), leaf extract of cattapa (0.5%; 1.0%; 1.5%; 2.0%), and control (without treatment). The result showed that the leaf extract of derris more effective to suppress the conidial production of C. capsici. Development of colonies diameter leaf extract of derris was relatively smaller (3.24-4.31 cm), while for the treatment of leaf extract of cattapa showed larger colony size (6.02-6.82 cm).

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“…Soils in the Nyanga area are characteristically deep and well drained and thus reduces the risk of tubers being surrounded by a water film that can result in anaerobiosis and consequent tuber decay in the field (Fraaije et al, 1997). Ngadze and Icishahayo, (2014) reported that Nyanga has the lowest disease incidence of blackleg and soft rot. Incidence and severity of blackleg and soft rot also depend on temperature and free water (Pe´rombelon, 2002).…”

Section: Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Severity of Bacterial Soft Rot in Commonly Grown Potato Varieties in Nyanga District, Zimbabwe

Muponda¹,

Manyangarirwa²,

Mtaita³

et al. 2016

JGIASS

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in Zimbabwe is an important element of the agricultural production sector. The local industry is however affected by low yields due to soft rot disease (Pectobacterium carotororum subsp. carotovorum) and poor quality produce. The main thrust of this study was to come up with recommendations that would increase potato production through improved knowledge of cultivar choices according to ranked performance in terms of soft rot infestations. Four experiments were conducted, in the field; in greenhouse, in storage at 10 º C and at room temperature on soft rot inoculated and un-inoculated potato tubers. The experiments were conducted on five locally available varieties in Zimbabwe. Tubers were screened for soft rot infection using counts and weights of infected tubers and BP1 showed significant difference (p<0.05) in terms of soft rot infestation on counted tubers. The field experiment treatments of Amethyst, Mnandi, BP1, Montclare and Jasper were laid in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for potato late blight recorded was highest for BP1 (10.04%) and least for Jasper (6.81%). Amethyst and BP1 varieties recorded the highest (5.0%) incidence for tuber soft rot. The greenhouse pot experiment had five soft rot inoculated and un-inoculated potato tubers and treatments were laid in Complete Random Design (CRD). Percentage emergence for inoculated pots dropped by more than 75% relative to the un-inoculated plot for BP1, Montclare and Mnandi varieties. Amethyst recorded a 100% drop in germination for the inoculated plots. Mnandi had the highest (41.37%) proportion of tubers from small and below grade. On the other hand, variety BP1 had the highest (80.01%) proportion of tubers from medium size and above. Tuber yield was highest for Jasper (34.01t/ha). This study shows that BP1 variety rank in the potato seed certification industry needs to be revised according to soft rot tolerance to update previous ranks of the cultivar. Farmers are advised to adopt new varieties and have reliable seed sources.

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Survey: to assess the distribution and impact of potato blackleg and soft rot diseases in Zimbabwe

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Bioactivity of Selected Phenolic Acids and Hexane Extracts from Bougainvilla spectabilis and Citharexylum spinosum on the Growth of Pectobacterium carotovorum and Dickeya solani Bacteria: An Opportunity to Save the Environment

Bioactivity of Selected Phenolic Acids and Hexane Extracts from Bougainvilla spectabilis and Citharexylum spinosum on the Growth of Pectobacterium carotovorum and Dickeya solani Bacteria: An Opportunity to Save the Environment

In-vitro effectiveness test of leaf extract of cattapa and derris to control anthracnose in chili

Prevalence and Severity of Bacterial Soft Rot in Commonly Grown Potato Varieties in Nyanga District, Zimbabwe

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