Survival and dispersal of a defined cohort of Irish cattle

Ashe, Siobhan; More, Simon J.; O’Keeffe, James; White, Paul W.; McGrath, Guy; Aznar, Inma

doi:10.1186/2046-0481-62-1-44

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Additionally, these numbers are shown as a percentage of all the programme herds of each type3 and the total number of programme herds for that type and size category4 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and review of the voluntary phase of a national BVD eradication programme in Ireland

et al. 2014

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The voluntary phase of an industry-led national Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) eradication programme began in Ireland on January 1, 2012 with the goal of progressing to a compulsory programme in 2013. The development and implementation of the programme in 2012 was informed by a review of current and prior eradication programmes elsewhere in Europe and extensive stakeholder consultation. The programme was based on tissue tag testing of newborn calves in participating herds, with the status of the mothers of calves with positive or inconclusive results requiring clarification. Participating herd owners were required to comply with a series of guidelines, including not selling cattle suspected of being persistently infected. For herds compliant with the guidelines, the results from 2012 counted as one of three years of tag testing anticipated in the compulsory phase of the programme. Testing was carried out in laboratories designated for this purpose by the cross-industry BVD Implementation Group that oversees the programme. Results were reported to a central database managed by the Irish Cattle Breeding Federation, and the majority of results were reported to farmers' mobile telephones by SMS message. A detailed review of the programme was conducted, encompassing the period between January 1, 2012 and July 15, 2012, based on results from approximately 500,000 calves. This paper describes the establishment and structure of the programme, and the outcomes of the review, including findings at herd and animal level.

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“…Additionally, these numbers are shown as a percentage of all the programme herds of each type3 and the total number of programme herds for that type and size category4 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and review of the voluntary phase of a national BVD eradication programme in Ireland

et al. 2014

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“…The structure of the C. parvum population may also be linked to host-related factors, such as the size of the cattle population (approximately 6.5 million cattle in 70,273 km 2 ) and the distance and frequency of cattle movements, especially of young calves, between herds (33). Ashe et al (34) illustrated that there was a substantial dispersal of cattle throughout Ireland. A recent study over a 4-year period showed that 60% of Irish cattle were likely to be moved between herds, with the majority being moved within their first year of life (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panmictic Structure of the Cryptosporidium parvum Population in Irish Calves: Influence of Prevalence and Host Movement

Waele

Broeck

Huyse

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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fIn total, 245 Cryptosporidium parvum specimens obtained from calves in 205 Irish herds between 2003 and 2005 were subtyped by sequencing the glycoprotein gene gp60 and performing multilocus analysis of seven markers. The transmission dynamics of C. parvum and the influence of temporal, spatial, parasitic, and host-related factors on the parasite (sub)populations were studied. The relationship of those factors to the risk of cryptosporidiosis was also investigated using results from 1,368 fecal specimens submitted to the veterinary laboratories for routine diagnosis during 2005. The prevalence was greatest in the northwest and midwest of the country and on farms that bought in calves. The panmixia (random mating) detected in the C. parvum population may relate to its high prevalence, the cattle density, and the frequent movement of cattle. However, local variations in these factors were reflected in the C. parvum subpopulations. This study demonstrated the importance of biosecurity in the control of bovine cryptosporidiosis (e.g., isolation and testing of calves before introduction into a herd). Furthermore, the zoonotic risk of C. parvum was confirmed, as most specimens possessed GP60 and MS1 subtypes previously described in humans.

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“…Herd bTB risk increases in association with an increase in the numbers of animals introduced (White et al, 2013). Further, the movement of animals in Ireland is substantial (Ashe et al, 2009), with animal-level bTB risk increasing with prior bTB exposure (Olea-Popelka et al, 2008;Wolfe et al, 2009). Nonetheless, the proportion of herd bTB restrictions attributable to introduction is relatively low, approximately 7%, based on analyses conducted on national data from April 2003to March 2004 and during 2012 (Clegg et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Herd Btb Historymentioning

confidence: 92%

Understanding and managing bTB risk: Perspectives from Ireland

Good

2015

Veterinary Microbiology

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There is substantial variation in herd risk for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Ireland, with most herds playing little to no role in the ongoing endemic. In infected areas, bTB persistence (affecting one or a group of herds) is a key feature of the infection. In this paper, we present our current understanding and management of bTB risk in Ireland, based on a detailed review of research and policy. There is close interaction between science and policy in Ireland, seeking both to understand and effectively manage bTB risk. Detailed research on bTB persistence is presented, including current understanding of the relative importance of different infection sources, which can include residual infection in cattle and/or re-infection, either from local sources or following cattle introduction. In recent years, there have been three primary drivers for policy change, including scientific advances, ongoing improvements to programme supports, and ongoing programme review. In this review, three key future programme challenges are identified. Although good progress is being made, eradication has not yet been achieved. Firstly, a key question concerns the additional effort that will be required, to move towards final eradication. Secondly, a percentage of non-infected animals are falsely positive to current testing methods. This is an ongoing challenge, given the imperfect specificity of test methods but will become more so, as the positive predictive value falls with reducing bTB prevalence. Finally, there is a need to re-engage with the farming community, so that they play a much greater role in programme ownership.

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Survival and dispersal of a defined cohort of Irish cattle

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Development and review of the voluntary phase of a national BVD eradication programme in Ireland

Development and review of the voluntary phase of a national BVD eradication programme in Ireland

Panmictic Structure of the Cryptosporidium parvum Population in Irish Calves: Influence of Prevalence and Host Movement

Understanding and managing bTB risk: Perspectives from Ireland

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