Survival and growth patterns of white spruce (<i>Picea glauca</i> [<scp>M</scp>oench] Voss) rangewide provenances and their implications for climate change adaptation

Lu, Pengxin; Parker, William H.; Cherry, Marilyn L.; Colombo, S. J.; Parker, William C.; Man, Rongzhou; Roubal, Ngaire

doi:10.1002/ece3.1100

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…It was hypothesized (Lu et al . ) that the founder populations of white spruce in south‐central Ontario may have been contributed by both the Appalachian refugium and the Mississippian refugium, resulting in a broader genetic base to harbour beneficial alleles associated with superior growth and climatic adaptability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details about the provenance tests have been published previously (Morgenstern & Copis ; Lu et al . ). Information relevant to the current study is summarized below:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“… The 15 provenance tests were located along a climatic gradient within an area of Ontario where forest management is currently active (Lu et al . ). Provenances were randomly sampled in natural forests, and the sampling density was high within and adjacent to Ontario (178 of the 245 provenances). Each of the provenance tests included only a subset of the 245 provenances (between 48 and 86), with different numbers of provenances shared between pairwise tests (Lu et al . ). Within each provenance test, a randomized complete block experimental design was used with multiple‐tree plots and all provenances were replicated equally. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…), pest resistance (King, Alfaro & Cartwright ) and growth rate (Morgenstern & Mullin ; Wang, O'Neill & Aitken ; Lu et al . ). These differences directly or indirectly reflect population fitness to the test environments and have often been attributed to local adaptation (Savolainen, Pyhäjärvi & Knürr ; Aitken et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…), since thermal conditions directly influence tree survival and growth of white spruce (Andalo, Beaulieu & Bousquet ; Lu et al . ). Although previous analyses of data revealed considerable genetic variation among landscape populations and local adaptation was inferred (Khalil ; Morgenstern & Copis ; Andalo, Beaulieu & Bousquet ), it has not been rigorously tested with RTEs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Restructuring tree provenance test data to conform to reciprocal transplant experiments for detecting local adaptation

Parker

Colombo

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1. Local adaptation is a fundamental assumption in delineating seed zones and developing seed transfer guidelines to safeguard climatic adaptation of tree and plant species during forest regeneration and ecological restoration. It is also broadly assumed for forest tree species that show genetic differentiation among geographic populations, especially for those with widespread natural distributions that occur in distinct environments. 2. However, due to a scarcity of suitable data, the inference of local adaptation has rarely been validated for forest tree species through reciprocal transplant experiments (RTEs). In this study, we illustrate a novel approach to restructure tree provenance test data to conform to RTEs and use recently proposed statistical models to detect local adaptation, using white spruce Picea glauca (Moench) Voss as an example. Our research demonstrates how similar studies can be conducted to validate local adaptation in other forest species and populations, for which RTEs are lacking, but where large, high-quality provenance test data sets are available. 3. Contrary to common belief, our results show that local adaptation is absent in survival and height for white spruce populations from Ontario, Canada, although they have evolved in considerably different climatic habitats, and exhibit substantial and clinal genetic differentiation and significant genotype-by-environment interactions in these two adaptive traits. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our results show that the common assumption of local adaptation in forest tree species may not necessarily be correct within significant portions of their natural range. In forest genetic studies, population differentiation in adaptive traits has often been attributed to local adaptation without rigorous validation. Our results caution against such interpretation of experimental results. In the absence of local adaptation as shown by reciprocal transplant experiments, assisted migration may be considered as an option for enhancing forest adaptation to climate change.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details about the provenance tests have been published previously (Morgenstern & Copis ; Lu et al . ). Information relevant to the current study is summarized below:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Restructuring tree provenance test data to conform to reciprocal transplant experiments for detecting local adaptation

Parker

Colombo

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Plants adapted to warmer climate do not outperform regional plants during a natural heat wave

Bucharová

Durka

Hermann

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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With ongoing climate change, many plant species may not be able to adapt rapidly enough, and some conservation experts are therefore considering to translocate warm‐adapted ecotypes to mitigate effects of climate warming. Although this strategy, called assisted migration, is intuitively plausible, most of the support comes from models, whereas experimental evidence is so far scarce. Here we present data on multiple ecotypes of six grassland species, which we grew in four common gardens in Germany during a natural heat wave, with temperatures 1.4–2.0°C higher than the long‐term means. In each garden we compared the performance of regional ecotypes with plants from a locality with long‐term summer temperatures similar to what the plants experienced during the summer heat wave. We found no difference in performance between regional and warm‐adapted plants in four of the six species. In two species, regional ecotypes even outperformed warm‐adapted plants, despite elevated temperatures, which suggests that translocating warm‐adapted ecotypes may not only lack the desired effect of increased performance but may even have negative consequences. Even if adaptation to climate plays a role, other factors involved in local adaptation, such as biotic interactions, may override it. Based on our results, we cannot advocate assisted migration as a universal tool to enhance the performance of local plant populations and communities during climate change.

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Adaptations of white spruce to climate: strong intraspecific differences in cold hardiness linked to survival

Sebastian‐Azcona

Hacke

Hamann

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Understanding local adaptation of tree populations to climate allows the development of assisted migration guidelines as a tool for forest managers to address climate change. Here, we study the relationship among climate, a wide range of physiological traits, and field performance of selected white spruce provenances originating from throughout the species range. Tree height, survival, cold hardiness, hydraulic, and wood anatomical traits were measured in a 32‐year‐old common garden trial, located in the center of the species range. Provenance performance included all combinations of high versus low survival and growth, with the most prevalent population differentiation for adaptive traits observed in cold hardiness. Cold hardiness showed a strong association with survival and was associated with cold winter temperatures at the site of seed origin. Tree height was mostly explained by the length of the growing season at the origin of the seed source. Although population differentiation was generally weak in wood anatomical and hydraulic traits, within‐population variation was substantial in some traits, and a boundary analysis revealed that efficient water transport was associated with vulnerable xylem and low wood density, indicating that an optimal combination of high water transport efficiency and high cavitation resistance is not possible. Our results suggest that assisted migration prescriptions may be advantageous under warming climate, but pronounced trade‐offs between survival and cold hardiness require a careful consideration of the distances of these transfers.

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Survival and growth patterns of white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss) rangewide provenances and their implications for climate change adaptation

Cited by 54 publications

References 57 publications

Restructuring tree provenance test data to conform to reciprocal transplant experiments for detecting local adaptation

Restructuring tree provenance test data to conform to reciprocal transplant experiments for detecting local adaptation

Plants adapted to warmer climate do not outperform regional plants during a natural heat wave

Adaptations of white spruce to climate: strong intraspecific differences in cold hardiness linked to survival

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