Survival and persistence of Nipah virus in blood and tissue culture media

Smither, Sophie J.; Eastaugh, Lin; Findlay, James S.; O’Brien, Lyn M.; Thom, Ruth; Lever, Mark S.

doi:10.1080/22221751.2019.1698272

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Transmission via pigs potentially occur through the respiratory route, but close contact with infected tissues of pigs might also result in NiV transmission [23,[64][65][66]. When examining the risk for transmission that might involve bodily fluids, Smither and colleagues [67] showed that the stability of NiV in blood or cell culture media under distinct conditions can last up to 1 week at room temperature, and, hence, providing the opportunity to cause fatal infections for a longer time period. Despite transmission of Henipavirus via contaminated food [68], bats, or intermediate hosts, spread from infected persons to naïve individuals is a high-risk factor.…”

Section: The Threat Of a Potential Global Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Henipaviruses—A constant threat to livestock and humans

Kummer

Kranz

2022

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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In this review, we highlight the risk to livestock and humans from infections with henipaviruses, which belong to the virus family Paramyxoviridae. We provide a comprehensive overview of documented outbreaks of Nipah and Hendra virus infections affecting livestock and humans and assess the burden on the economy and health systems. In an increasingly globalized and interconnected world, attention must be paid to emerging viruses and infectious diseases, as transmission routes can be rapid and worldwide.

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Section: The Threat Of a Potential Global Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Henipaviruses—A constant threat to livestock and humans

Kummer

Kranz

2022

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…Other procedures shown to effectively inactivate NiV-infected cells include the heat and ultraviolet (UV) inactivation of sera previously spiked with NiV [ 12 ], desiccation, and pH-dependent inactivation [ 13 ]. It is also known that, under optimal conditions, NiV can persist for several days in blood, culture media, urine and flesh fruit [ 13 , 14 ]. While it is essential to make sure that viruses are inactivated, it is frequently also necessary to ensure that, during the inactivation process, viral proteins and/or nucleic acid are at least partially preserved for quantification or for research purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation Methods for Experimental Nipah Virus Infection

Widerspick

Vázquez

Niemetz

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe disease in humans and livestock. Due to its high pathogenicity in humans and the lack of available vaccines and therapeutics, NiV needs to be handled in biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) laboratories. Safe inactivation of samples containing NiV is thus necessary to allow further processing in lower containment areas. To date, there is only limited information available on NiV inactivation methods validated by BSL-4 facilities that can be used as a reference. Here, we compare some of the most common inactivation methods in order to evaluate their efficacy at inactivating NiV in infected cells, supernatants and organs. Thus, several physical and chemical inactivation methods, and combinations thereof, were assessed. Viral replication was monitored for 3 weeks and NiV presence was assessed by RT-qPCR, plaque assay and indirect immunofluorescence. A total of nineteen methods were shown to reduce NiV infectious particles in cells, supernatants and organs to undetectable levels. Therefore, we provide a list of methods for the safe and efficient inactivation of NiV.

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“…Previous research analyzed the persistence of other priority pathogens, including Ebola virus, SARS-CoV-2, and Nipah virus, on representative surfaces or solutions ( 14 , 26 , 27 ) . Ebola virus and SARS-CoV-2 persisted in wastewater similarly to LASV under the same experimental conditions ( 14 , 26 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Persistence and Disinfection of Lassa Virus

Shaffer,

Fischer,

Gallogly

et al. 2023

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Lassa fever, caused by Lassa virus (LASV), is endemic to West Africa, where ≈300,000 illnesses and ≈5,000 deaths occur annually. LASV is primarily spread by infected multimammate rats via urine and fomites, highlighting the need to understand the environmental fate of LASV. We evaluated persistence of LASV Josiah and Sauerwald strains on surfaces, in aqueous solutions, and with sodium hypochlorite disinfection. Tested strains were more stable in deionized water (first-order rate constant [k] for Josiah, 0.23 days; for Sauerwald, k = 0.34 days) than primary influent wastewater (Josiah, k = 1.3 days; Sauerwald, k = 1.9 days). Both strains had similar decay rates on high-density polyethylene (Josiah, k = 4.3 days; Sauerwald, k = 2.3 days) and stainless steel (Josiah, k = 5.3 days; Sauerwald, k = 2.7 days). Sodium hypochlorite was highly effective at inactivating both strains. Our findings can inform future risk assessment and management efforts for Lassa fever.

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Survival and persistence of Nipah virus in blood and tissue culture media

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Henipaviruses—A constant threat to livestock and humans

Henipaviruses—A constant threat to livestock and humans

Inactivation Methods for Experimental Nipah Virus Infection

Environmental Persistence and Disinfection of Lassa Virus

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