Survival and risk analysis of patients with COVID-19 in Iran

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the risk factors of death caused by COVID-19 in Iran. Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study from February 20, 2020, to August 22, 2022, in the hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. The data were collected through a researcher-made checklist. To determine the risk factors of the death, logistic regression and Cox regression models were used. For each variable, the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were also reported. Results: 1885 Patients were included. The age of deceased persons was significantly higher than that of the surviving persons. The risk of death for the age group above 60 years was about 14 times higher than that of people aged 19-35 years [95% CI: 14.41 (2.02-102.99), P<0.01]. Hypertension [95% CI: 1.92 (1.47-2.5), P<0.01], diabetes [95% CI: 1.62 (1.23-2.13), P<0.001], and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [95% CI: 1.92 (1.47-2.50), P<0.01] were also risk factors of mortality. Conclusions: This study reveals that the mortality rate due to COVID-19 is associated with old age, longer hospitalization in the ICU, increased length of stay, and comorbidities of high blood pressure, diabetes, and chronic pulmonary disease.