Survival and seasonal germination of seeds of Avena fatua and A. ludoviciana

Quail, PH; Carter, OG

doi:10.1071/ar9680721

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…At the same time, seeds placed in the clay soil lost their dormancy faster than those placed in the sandy loam soil and thus had a lower number of viable and germinable seeds. Greater germination of Melaleuca quinquenervia was found in clay soils (Van et al 2005) but these results are in contrast to those of Benvenuti (2003) and Quail and Carter (1968) who found that soil with a pronounced clay matrix impeded the germination of buried seeds and induced seed dormancy in certain weed species.…”

Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 48%

Dormancy and longevity of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) as affected by soil type, depth, rainfall, and duration of burial

2008

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Effects of soil type, time, depth of seed burial and rainfall pattern were investigated on the longevity of glyphosate resistant annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) in the northern summer rainfall dominant grain region of Australia in a 16 month experiment conducted under polyhouse conditions. Lolium rigidum seeds placed in nylon bags were buried in pots at 5 and 10 cm depth in either Laureldale (clay) or Kirby (sandy loam) soil receiving simulated rainfall representing a Tamworth (summer) and Hamilton (winter) rainfall environment of Australia. The bags were exhumed every four months and tested for percent viable, germinable, dormant and dead seeds. In the short term (several months), factors such as soil type, rainfall and depth of burial affected the fate and condition of L. rigidum seeds and emergence pattern of seedlings. However, irrespective of treatment, all seeds lost their viability after 16 months of burial. Hence, in the longer term, L. rigidum behaviour in this summer dominant rainfall environment with different soils is likely to be similar to that where the weed occurs more commonly in the southern Mediterranean regions of Australia. Maximum emergence in the polyhouse occurred during mid autumn similar to that in the field. The results from this experiment will allow for the development of management strategies which may enhance the depletion of the soil seedbank of viable L. rigidum seeds in the shortest possible time.

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Section: Soilmentioning

confidence: 48%

Dormancy and longevity of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) as affected by soil type, depth, rainfall, and duration of burial

2008

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“…Non-indigenous Mediterranean weeds are also shown to prefer cooler conditions for germination; for example, the seeds of Lolium and Avena did not germinate well above 26 and 20°C respectively (Quail and Carter 1968;Gramshaw 1976). The germination rate for the first collected samples was therefore greatest between March and June, ceasing in July (Figure 3), a period that also marks the end of winter season.…”

Section: Seedling Densities and Plant Species Emerging From Dungmentioning

confidence: 94%

Seed dispersal in the dung of large herbivores: implications for restoration of Renosterveld shrubland old fields

Shiponeni

Milton

2006

Biodivers Conserv

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Species-rich, winter-rainfall, microphyllous Renosterveld vegetation in the Western Cape Province of South Africa has largely been transformed for production of wheat and wine. Remaining fragments thus have high conservation value. Abandoned old fields adjacent to natural vegetation fragments could potentially be restored as corridors and habitat for indigenous flora and fauna. We hypothesised that indigenous antelope maintained in a matrix of natural vegetation and abandoned field could play a role in restoration of Renoserveld via seed dispersal.We collected dung of indigenous ungulates in an abandoned field at various distances from natural Renosterveld vegetation, in order to assess the potential of large herbivores to contribute to restoration of plant diversity through seed dispersal. Emerged seedlings from the collected dung represented 29 forb, 13 grass, four sedge, four geophyte and one shrub species. The most abundant emerging seedlings were lawn grass Cynodon dactylon (38%), alien pasture grasses (31%) and indigenous geophyte Romulea rosea (12%). Whereas seeds of annual forbs and grasses were dispersed, only one shrub species was dispersed at very low density. We concluded that large herbivores could retard the rate of recovery of Renosterveld vegetation because viable seeds of herbaceous plants, particularly alien annual grasses and lawn-grasses were more abundant in the dung than the shrub, geophyte or perennial tussock grass species that characterise this vegetation type.

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“…The demographic behaviour of this species (hereafter referred to as A. ludoviciana appears to be considerably different from that of A. fatua. Other studies have shown the contrasting behaviour of these two species in their dormancy patterns and their temperature requirements for germination (Quail & Carter 1968, 1969, two characteristics that may have a marked influence on the demography of their populations. Similar differences were found in studies carried out in Australia (Quail & Carter 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ludoviciana (Durieu) Nyman) is the most widely distributed and abundant Avena species in Spain (Garcia, Baudin & Salto 1978) and in other regions of Mediterranean climate (Quail & Carter 1968;Thurston & Phillipson 1976). ludoviciana (Durieu) Nyman) is the most widely distributed and abundant Avena species in Spain (Garcia, Baudin & Salto 1978) and in other regions of Mediterranean climate (Quail & Carter 1968;Thurston & Phillipson 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ludoviciana (Durieu) Nyman) is the most widely distributed and abundant Avena species in Spain (Garcia, Baudin & Salto 1978) and in other regions of Mediterranean climate (Quail & Carter 1968;Thurston & Phillipson 1976). Similar differences were found in studies carried out in Australia (Quail & Carter 1968). Thurston (1951Thurston ( , 1961, in England, found significant differences in the seasonal germination, winter survival and persistence of viable seeds of the two species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seedling Recruitment and Age-Specific Survivorship and Reproduction in Populations of Avena sterilis L. SSP. Ludoviciana (Durieu) Nyman

Fernández‐Quintanilla¹,

Navarrete²,

Andújar³

et al. 1986

The Journal of Applied Ecology

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. SUMMARY(1) The demography of the annual grass weed Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana was studied during three consecutive years on populations growing in winter wheat crops in central Spain. Seed banks were determined annually by soil sampling followed by wet sieving. Permanent quadrats were monitored periodically to obtain data on the periodicity of seedling emergence, the fates of seedlings and their reproductive performance.(2) Seedling emergence took place from mid-October to mid-April, with a peak in November-December. The progress of emergence was well described by a logistic model and it was closely related to the cumulative rainfall recorded during that period. Total seedling recruitment from the seed bank ranged from 31 to 46% during the three seasons.(3) Average seedling survivorship ranged from 31 to 81% during the three seasons. Within each season, survivorship was highly variable for the different cohorts. The major causes of mortality during the life-cycle were pre-planting tillage, frost and drought stress and inter-and intra-specific competition.(4) Average adult fecundity varied from thirteen to twenty-one seeds per plant. Within each season, fecundity was highly dependent on the age of the plant. The relationship between plant age and fecundity was well described by a negative exponential model.(5) Overall, the cohorts emerging soon after wheat planting were the most successful ones, having the largest contribution to the next generation.

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Survival and seasonal germination of seeds of Avena fatua and A. ludoviciana

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Dormancy and longevity of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) as affected by soil type, depth, rainfall, and duration of burial

Dormancy and longevity of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) as affected by soil type, depth, rainfall, and duration of burial

Seed dispersal in the dung of large herbivores: implications for restoration of Renosterveld shrubland old fields

Seedling Recruitment and Age-Specific Survivorship and Reproduction in Populations of Avena sterilis L. SSP. Ludoviciana (Durieu) Nyman

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