Survival and Sources of Mortality in Ocelots

Haines, Aaron M.; Tewes, Michael E.; Laack, Linda L.

doi:10.2193/0022-541x(2005)069<0255:sasomi>2.0.co;2

Cited by 65 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Adult survivorship is estimated to be 87% of resident ocelots and 57% of transient ocelots, and juvenile survivorship is estimated to be at a 68% probability of reaching an age of one year [6]. Haines et al [6] established criteria for differentiating resident ocelots from transient [8].…”

Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Haines et al [6] established criteria for differentiating resident ocelots from transient [8]. The convergence of subtropical, temperate, and desert regions creates a territory rich in biodiversity [8].…”

Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ocelots, with resident ocelots being individuals with an established home range of at least three months and transient ocelots being individuals that migrated from natal range to establish a new home range and territory. The reduced adult survivorship in transient ocelots compared to resident ocelots was a result of unfamiliarity to foreign range, intraspecific competition, and inter-specific interaction [6]. The leading cause of mortality to entire ocelot population was unnatural events, as collisions with cars, illegal use of poisons, and predation by domestic animals was the major contributor to total mortality [6].…”

Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduced adult survivorship in transient ocelots compared to resident ocelots was a result of unfamiliarity to foreign range, intraspecific competition, and inter-specific interaction [6]. The leading cause of mortality to entire ocelot population was unnatural events, as collisions with cars, illegal use of poisons, and predation by domestic animals was the major contributor to total mortality [6]. Naturally caused mortality was a significant influence in adult survivorship, and natural mortality was more evident in transient ocelots than resident [6].…”

Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a predatory species, ocelots require thick vegetation and canopy cover for nutritional requirements including small mammals, lizards, and birds [1]. Thick vegetative coverage is also essential to the establishment of breeding territory, den placement, and the natural defense of ocelots through the use of camouflage [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

U.S. Wildlife Management Plan: Recovery of the Endangered Ocelot(Leopardus pardalis) in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas

Zerinskas¹

2013

Poult Fish Wildl Sci

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Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Us Wildlife Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

U.S. Wildlife Management Plan: Recovery of the Endangered Ocelot(Leopardus pardalis) in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas

Zerinskas¹

2013

Poult Fish Wildl Sci

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Co‐occurrence of bobcats, coyotes, and ocelots in Texas

Lombardi

MacKenzie

Tewes

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Interspecific competition among carnivores has been linked to differences in behavior, morphology, and resource use. Insights into these interactions can enhance understanding of local ecological processes that can have impacts on the recovery of endangered species, such as the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). Ocelots, bobcats (Lynx rufus), and coyotes (Canis latrans) share a small geographic range overlap from South Texas to south‐central Mexico but relationships among the three are poorly understood. From May 2011 to March 2018, we conducted a camera trap study to examine co‐occurrence patterns among ocelots, bobcats, and coyotes on the East Foundation's El Sauz Ranch in South Texas. We used a novel multiseason extension to multispecies occupancy models with ≥2 interacting species to conduct an exploratory analysis to examine interspecific interactions and examine the potential effects of patch‐level and landscape‐level metrics relative to the occurrence of these carnivores. We found strong evidence of seasonal mutual coexistence among all three species and observed a species‐specific seasonal trend in detection. Seasonal coexistence patterns were also explained by increasing distance from a high‐speed roadway. However, these results have important ecological implications for planning ocelot recovery in the rangelands of South Texas. This study suggests a coexistence among ocelots, bobcats, and coyotes under the environmental conditions on the El Sauz Ranch. Further research would provide a better understanding of the ecological mechanisms that facilitate coexistence within this community. As road networks in the region expand over the next few decades, large private working ranches will be needed to provide important habitat for ocelots and other carnivore species.

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Highway Crossing Rates of Wild Felids Before, During, and After Wildlife Crossing Structure Installation

Lehnen,

Sternberg,

Swarts

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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In an environment increasingly dominated by roads, wildlife crossing structures (WCS) have been installed to decrease wildlife mortality and improve habitat linkages. In South Texas, vehicle collisions have been a major mortality source for the endangered ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). To mitigate threats to this species, eight WCS, along with associated fencing, were strategically placed along Farm‐to‐Market Road 106 (FM106), which passes through ocelot habitat. We assessed the rate of on‐roadway crossings and WCS use by GPS‐collared animals before, during, and after WCS installation using camera traps to verify WCS use. Because of the rarity of ocelots in this region, we supplemented ocelot data with data from bobcats (Lynx rufus), a similarly sized felid with slightly more general habitat preferences. Thirty‐five animals, 30 bobcats, and 5 ocelots were tracked using GPS collars between 2013 and 2021. We observed a decline in the total number of crossings and on‐roadway crossings of FM106 for both ocelots and bobcats over the duration of the study, despite controlling for factors such as an individual animal's proximity to FM106. There were 37 documented crossings using WCS by GPS‐marked bobcats while their collars were active. However, the rate of on‐roadway crossings during the post‐construction period was still higher than the WCS use rate for both species. Animals were more likely to make on‐roadway crossings during nighttime especially during unusually bright nights. While controlling for other factors, both species moved more quickly when making on‐roadway crossings compared to WCS crossings or noncrossing intervals but moved more slowly when traffic levels were higher than expected for that time of day. Animals may take years to acclimate to the presence of WCS, suggesting that the use of these structures may increase over time. Additional fencing could further help limit high‐risk road encounters by ocelots in this region.

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Survival and Sources of Mortality in Ocelots

Cited by 65 publications

References 27 publications

U.S. Wildlife Management Plan: Recovery of the Endangered Ocelot(Leopardus pardalis) in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas

U.S. Wildlife Management Plan: Recovery of the Endangered Ocelot(Leopardus pardalis) in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas

Co‐occurrence of bobcats, coyotes, and ocelots in Texas

Highway Crossing Rates of Wild Felids Before, During, and After Wildlife Crossing Structure Installation

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