“…This is particularly true for mammals, some of which serve as important model species in biomedical research (Freund et al, ; Lewejohann, Zipser, & Sachser, ; Rödel & Meyer, ). Although an increasing number of studies have assessed and could successfully show the existence of personality traits in young mammals around weaning by means of behavioral consistencies across time and context (Gracceva, Koolhaas, & Groothuis, ; Guenther, Finkemeier, & Trillmich, ; Herde & Eccard, ; Petelle, McCoy, Alejandro, Martin, & Blumstein, ; Rödel & Meyer, ; Rödel, Zapka, Talke, Kornatz, Bruchner, & Hedler, ), there have still been few studies of the development of personality in mammals from birth (reviews in Hudson, Bautista, Reyes‐Meza, Montor, & Rödel, ; Hudson, Rangassamy, Saldaña, Bánszegi, & Rödel, ; Stamps & Groothuis, ). This is understandable given the problem of testing dependent young without disturbing the often close mother–young relationship and affecting normal development.…”