Survival, growth and physiology of the juvenile razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) under Na⁺/K⁺ratio stress

Abstract

Owing to geographical distribution and climatic conditions, such as the water table, rainfall capacity and terrain, a large amount of land has different degrees of salinization, and some areas of land may be low-yield or abandoned (Wei, 2012). The development and utilization of saline-alkali land and water resources is a key research area. Liu (2007) have compared the composition of ions in saline and alkaline land in Cangzhou city, Hebei province and found that the ions in inland saline water (ISW) include Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , K + , SO 4 2− , CO 3 2− , Cl − and other trace elements (such as Mn 2+ and Fe 3+ ). All of ions are the main factor (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , K + , SO 4 2− , CO 3 2− and Cl − ) be considered affecting the survival and growth of aquatic animals (Hadfield, Clayton, Cohrs, & Murphy, 2012; Hiele, Rijstenbil, Creemers, & Heringa, 2014;Raizada et al., 2015). Several kinds of economically valuable aquatic animals live in ISW, such as the naked carp, Gymnocypris przewalskii, (Liu, 2012); however, the populations are limited and often cannot meet the regional consumer market