Survival of Airborne Microorganisms During Swirling Aerosol Collection

Lin, Xiujuan; Reponen, Tiina; Willeke, Klaus; Wang, Zheng; Grinshpun, Sergey A.; Trunov, Mikhaylo

doi:10.1080/027868200303722

Cited by 145 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The physical penetration correction factor (CF P ) was applied to compensate for unequal sampling train particle loss bias as described in detail in Lore et al (19) Viable Penetration All glass impingers (AGI-30; ACE Glass Inc., Vineland, N.J.) were chosen to sample the viable bioaerosols as they are a good compromise between collection efficiency, collection stress on microorganism viability, and volumetric sampling rate. (13,(20)(21)(22) The PEN V of each bioaerosol was measured by sampling its viable concentration upstream and downstream of each test FFR into an AGI-30 connected to the appropriate sampling port. Each AGI-30 was filled with 20 mL of either 1 × PBS for MS2 and B. atrophaeus bacteria or deionized water for B. atrophaeus spores.…”

Section: Aerosol Sampling Physical Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Conventional and Antimicrobial-Treated Filtering Facepiece Respirators Challenged with Biological Aerosols

Lore

Sebastian

Brown

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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Section: Aerosol Sampling Physical Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Conventional and Antimicrobial-Treated Filtering Facepiece Respirators Challenged with Biological Aerosols

Lore

Sebastian

Brown

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

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“…The widely used culture-based analysis method which reports the results as Colony Forming Units (CFUs) is potentially very sensitive (one organism), but time consuming, and organisms may become damaged and non-culturable during sample collection (Buttner et al 1991;Martinez et al 1988;Lin et al 2000). Moreover, the majority of naturally occurring microorganisms cannot be cultivated using standard culture methods (≥90-99%) or readily identified in culture (Amann et al 1995;DeLong and Pace 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of an Electrostatic Precipitator with Superhydrophobic Surface when Collecting Airborne Bacteria

Han

Mainelis

2010

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Modern bioaerosol sampling and analysis techniques that enable rapid detection of low bioagent concentrations in various environments are needed to help us understand the causal relationship between adverse health effects and bioaerosol exposures and also to enable the timely biohazard detection in case of intentional release.We have developed a novel bioaerosol sampler, an electrostatic precipitator with superhydrophobic surface (EPSS), where a combination of electrostatic collection mechanism with superhydrophobic collection surface allows for efficient particle collection, removal, and concentration in water droplets as small as 5 µL. The sampler's performance at different sampling flow rates and sampling times was tested with two common bacteria: Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. The collection efficiency was determined using the traditional method of microscopic counting as well as the whole-cell quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (QPCR). The tests indicated that the new sampler achieves collection efficiency as high as 72%. A combination of the satisfactory collection efficiency and the small collecting water droplet volumes allowed achieving sample concentration rates that exceed 1 × 10 6 . In addition, the collection efficiency for both bacteria obtained by the two different methods was not statistically different, indicating the sampler's compatibility with the PCR-based sample analysis techniques. In addition, the whole-cell QPCR does not require DNA extraction prior to the PCR reaction which offers faster sample processing.Very high concentration rates achieved with the new sampler as well as its compatibility with the QPCR methodology point toward its suitability for detecting low concentrations of airborne bacterial agents in various environments.

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“…Exposure to bacteria and fungi is usually assessed by monitoring the concentration of viable biological aerosols. Commonly used inertial sampling techniques, such as impaction and impingement, have been shown to adversely affect the viability of the microorganisms being sampled (Stewart et al 1995;Lin et al 2000). In inertial samplers, the particle velocity toward the collection medium is usually tens or hundreds of meters per second.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Collection Efficiency of a New Electrostatic Precipitator for Bioaerosol Collection

Mainelis¹,

Willeke²,

Adhikari³

et al. 2002

Aerosol Science and Technology

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We have developed and tested a new bioaerosol sampler in which airborne microorganisms are collected by electrostatic means. In this sampler, 2 ionizers charge the incoming particles if they carry insuf cient electric charge for ef cient collection. The organisms are then subjected to a precipitating electric eld and are collected onto 2 square agar plates positioned along the ow axis. Tests with nonbiological NaCl particles versus B. subtilis var. niger (BG) spores and vegetative cells have shown that airborne microorganisms are collected more ef ciently than nonbiological particles, even when the microorganisms have rst passed through an electric charge neutralizer with no additional charging applied. The difference was attributed to the natural charges contained in cell membranes or spore coats of the microorganisms. Charge-neutralized BG spores and vegetative cells were collected at 4 L/min with efciencies close to 80%, depending on the precipitation voltage, versus 50-60% for NaCl test particles. When incoming BG spores were charged with positive ions and then collected by a precipitating voltage of + 1,300 V, about 80% of the incoming spores were collected and more than 70% of incoming spores formed colonies. These experiments with BG spores have also indicated that there were no signi cant particle losses inside the sampler. The collection ef ciency of biological and nonbiological particles increased to 90-100% when the particles were externally charged and the precipitating voltage was increased to more than § 4,000 V. It has also been shown that the aerosolized BG spores (used as anthrax simulants for bioaerosol sensors) carry a net negative electric charge. Thus the collection ef ciency depends on the polarity of the electric eld applied across the agar plates. These ndings indicate that the collection of airborne microorganisms is possible by electrostatic precipitation without prior electric charging if the microorganisms already carry electric charges. These are usually high immediately after their release into the air.

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Survival of Airborne Microorganisms During Swirling Aerosol Collection

Cited by 145 publications

References 12 publications

Performance of Conventional and Antimicrobial-Treated Filtering Facepiece Respirators Challenged with Biological Aerosols

Performance of Conventional and Antimicrobial-Treated Filtering Facepiece Respirators Challenged with Biological Aerosols

Performance of an Electrostatic Precipitator with Superhydrophobic Surface when Collecting Airborne Bacteria

Design and Collection Efficiency of a New Electrostatic Precipitator for Bioaerosol Collection

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