Survival of Aujeszky’s disease virus in frozen pig meat

Durham, P.J.K.; Gow, A.; Poole, William

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)32758-9

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In pigs with clinically inapparent infection, PRV was not detected in carcass meat after storage for 72 h at 1-2°C; in pigs which developed clinical manifestations, PRV was still recoverable from carcass muscle after storage for 30 days (31). E s Following an infusion of 10 s TCID 50 into the hind quarter of a freshly killed pig, no virus could be detected in muscle, bone marrow or lymph nodes after storage at -18°Cfor35 days (22).…”

Section: Ementioning

confidence: 97%

Quantitative risk assessment of the risks associated with the importation of pigs to abattoirs

1993

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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This paper presents a quantitative risk assessment method based on the portrayal of risks using scenario trees, the translation of evidence into probability curves and the aggregation of scenarios using Latin Hypercube simulation. An example of a quantitative risk assessment on the importation of swine for slaughter illustrates the interpretation of evidence of two swine disease risks:Pseudorabies (Aujeszky's disease) and brucellosis.

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Section: Ementioning

confidence: 97%

Quantitative risk assessment of the risks associated with the importation of pigs to abattoirs

1993

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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“…Further, after reactivation of the latent virus the invasion of the meat might only occur rarely if at all. Again, ADV is not very stable at temperatures around -20°C and in the meat the virus is inactivated at -18°C within 35 to 40 days (25,26). This is probably caused by enzymatic processes which proceed at this temperature and destroy the virus.…”

Section: The Question Is What Can Be Done ?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virus is not killed in the course of the maturation of pig meat at 4°C (77); however it is inactivated in the meat at -18°C within 35 to 40 days (25,26). In urine the virus survives for 3 weeks in summer and 8-15 weeks in winter (11).…”

Section: Natural Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aujeszky's disease : factors important for epizootiology and control

Wittmann¹

1985

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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In Europe it is widespread and only a few countries are free from the disease. AD virus (ADV) is fairly resistant to heat and very stable at normal temperatures and in the cold. Its pH stability ranges from 5.0 to 12.0. The most efficient disinfectants are chemicals that liberate chlorine, and formaldehyde. NaOH is less effective. Lime is recommended for disinfection of slurry. Because of its pH and temperature stability, ADV is very resistant to natural environmental conditions. Pigs are the primary host of the virus, although a large number of other species can be infected naturally and experimentally. Infection chiefly takes place by nasal and/or oral routes. The virus can further be transmitted to the fetus, and by mating or by artificial insemination. The virus is not very contagious. Primary virus multiplication occurs in the naso-pharyngeal region and the respiratory tract. ADV enters the CNS by the neural pathway. The virus is disseminated within the body by lymphocytes and macrophages. The virus is mainly excreted by nasal and oral excretions, but it is also present in the ejaculate, vaginal secretion and milk. ADV infection evokes antibody production and cell-mediated immunity. The ADV genome persists in infected pigs in a latent state for life. It can be reactivated by stress, and virus excretion then occurs. Vaccination of pigs is successful in controlling clinical outbreaks. Inactivated and live vaccines are used, though the latter carry more risks. Vaccinated pigs are protected only against small quantities of the virus. With larger quantities, virus multiplication takes place and latent ADV infection is established. Vaccination of other animal species has given very contradictory results. AD is endemic in areas having a dense pig population and intensive, specialized farming management, which involves much movement of animals. Therefore the distribution of AD can differ within a country. From the epidemiological point of view, infected pigs are the main source of the spread of AD over large distances. ADV-infected breeding and artificial insemination centres are additional sources. For virus spread over short distances various sorts of vectors are involved. Air transmission is still controversial.

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