Survival of COVID-19 with Multimorbidity Patients

Bustos-Vázquez, Eduardo; Padilla-González, Eduardo; Reyes-Gómez, D.; Carmona-Ramos, M. C.; Monroy-Vargas, J. A.; Benítez-Herrera, Alejandro Efraín; Meléndez-Mier, Guillermo

doi:10.3390/healthcare9111423

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Multimorbidity with pre-existing health conditions [42], particularly asthma [43], has displayed a heightened risk of developing persistent symptoms and increased risk of COVID-19 fatality [44]. Multimorbidity has been positively associated with medication use, with 50% of adults in high-income countries taking up to 5 medications or more [45,46]. Poorer perceived health status may be considered a risk factor for long COVID symptoms, as observed in a study wherein 87% of the participants had a good self-reported health status before the pandemic but 83.3% reported moderate-to-poor self-reported health 6 months after initial onset [24].…”

Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Symptomatology, and Risk Factors for Long COVID Symptoms: Population-Based, Multicenter Study

Wong¹,

Huang²,

Wong³

et al. 2023

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Long COVID induces a substantial global burden of disease. The pathogenesis, complications, and epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in the acute phase have been evaluated, while few studies have characterized the epidemiology, symptomatology, and risk factors of long COVID symptoms. Its characteristics among patients with COVID-19 in the general population remain unaddressed. Objective We examined the prevalence of long COVID symptoms, its symptom patterns, and its risk factors in 4 major Chinese cities in order to fill the knowledge gap. Methods We performed a population-based, multicenter survey using a representative sampling strategy via the Qualtrics platform in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong in June 2022. We included 2712 community-dwelling patients with COVID-19 and measured the prevalence of long COVID symptoms defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), and their risk factors. The primary outcomes were the symptoms of long COVID, with various levels of impact. A descriptive analysis of the prevalence and distribution of long COVID symptoms according to disease severity was conducted. A sensitivity analysis of increasing the number of long COVID symptoms was also conducted. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to examine the risk factors of severe long COVID symptoms, including age, gender, marital status, current occupation, educational level, living status, smoking habits, monthly household income, self-perceived health status, the presence of chronic diseases, the use of chronic medication, COVID-19 vaccination status, and the severity of COVID-19. Results The response rate was 63.6% (n=2712). The prevalence of long COVID, moderate or severe long COVID, and severe long COVID was 90.4% (n=2452), 62.4% (n=1692), and 31.0% (n=841), respectively. Fatigue (n=914, 33.7%), cough (n=865, 31.9%), sore throat (n=841, 31.0%), difficulty in concentrating (n=828, 30.5%), feeling of anxiety (n=817, 30.2%), myalgia (n=811, 29.9%), and arthralgia (n=811, 29.9%) were the most common severe long COVID symptoms. From multivariate regression analysis, female gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.49, 95% CI 1.13-1.95); engagement in transportation, logistics, or the discipline workforce (aOR=2.52, 95% CI 1.58-4.03); living with domestic workers (aOR=2.37, 95% CI 1.39-4.03); smoking (aOR=1.55, 95% CI 1.17-2.05); poor or very poor self-perceived health status (aOR=15.4, 95% CI 7.88-30.00); ≥3 chronic diseases (aOR=2.71, 95% CI 1.54-4.79); chronic medication use (aOR=4.38, 95% CI 1.66-11.53); and critical severity of COVID-19 (aOR=1.52, 95% CI 1.07-2.15) were associated with severe long COVID. Prior vaccination with ≥2 doses of COVID-19 vaccines was a protective factor (aOR=0.35-0.22, 95% CI 0.08-0.90). Conclusions We examined the prevalence of long COVID symptoms in 4 Chinese cities according to the severity of COVID-19. We also evaluated the pattern of long COVID symptoms and their risk factors. These findings may inform early identification of patients with COVID-19 at risk of long COVID and planning of rehabilitative services.

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Section: Principal Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Symptomatology, and Risk Factors for Long COVID Symptoms: Population-Based, Multicenter Study

Wong¹,

Huang²,

Wong³

et al. 2023

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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“…According to studies in Brazil, someone aged 60-79 years is 1.62 times more likely to die from COVID-19, and this will increase to 2.56 times when they are >80 years old (Garbin et al, 2022). In line with studies in Mexico at ages >80 years showing a death rate of 60.1% (Bustos-Vázquez et al, 2021). In addition, comorbidities previously suffered by patients also increase the mortality of people with COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease are the most common comorbidities in COVID-19 sufferers (Bustos-Vázquez et al, 2021). Even the results of meta-analysis studies state that a person can have more than one comorbidity, which makes the patient's condition even more detrimental (de Almeida-Pititto et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…COVID-19 patients with chronic cardiovascular disease have a 2.20 times risk of death compared to non-sufferers (Garbin et al, 2022). A study in Mexico showed that DM patients had a risk of 1,062 times compared to non-DM patients (Bustos-Vázquez et al, 2021); data from another study in Korea showed that the risk figure for DM patients was more significant, namely 1.86 (Byeon et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survival analysis of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular patients with COVID-19: a secondary data analysis

Nugroho,

Fadlilah,

Susanto

et al. 2024

Public Health of Indonesia

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Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disorders who suffer from COVID-19 may have an increased risk of death. Objective: This study aims to analyze the time of death and influencing factors in patients with DM and cardiovascular disorders with COVID-19. Methods: We used a retrospective observational cohort study using medical records of COVID-19 patients treated at Dr Soeradji and Penembahan Senopati hospitals from March 2020 to June 2022. There were 2,959 participants: patients without comorbidities, with DM, and with cardiovascular problems. We extracted sociodemographic and clinical data on patient characteristics using medical records. Data analysis used Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis to estimate survival probability and investigate predictors of death with a 5% significance level. Results: The median survival time was highest in the group without comorbidities (70.00) and lowest in the DM+others group (21.75). Years of treatment, age, presence of comorbidities, and type of hospital were related to the survival rate of COVID-19 patients (p<0.05). Diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular system disorders are significantly associated with survival of COVID-19 patients (p<0.001). There were significant differences between patients without cardiovascular disorders and patients with cardiovascular disorders (Non-Hypertension, Hypertension, and Hypertension + Others) adjusted by year, gender, age, and hospital type (p<0.001). There were significant differences between patients without DM and patients with DM (DM only, DM+Hypertension, and DM+Others) adjusted by year, gender, age, and hospital type(p<0.001). Conclusion: Years of treatment, age, gender, comorbid DM, and cardiovascular problems are associated with the survival rate of COVID-19 patients. Older age, DM patients who have comorbidities other than hypertension, and patients with cardiovascular issues other than hypertension show a greater risk of death than other groups. Key words: COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Cardiovascular Diseases, Survival Rate.

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Anxiety and depression in people with epilepsy during and one year after the COVID‐19 pandemic

Martínez‐Juárez,

Gonzalez‐Salido,

Colado‐Martinez

et al. 2024

Epilepsia Open

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ObjectiveCompare the prevalence and severity of anxiety and depression among people with epilepsy (PWE) evaluated by telemedicine during the initial stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic and follow up on their status 15 months later.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, observational, and analytical study at the Epilepsy Clinic of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (NINN) in Mexico City during the COVID‐19 pandemic. HADS‐A and HADS‐D instruments were administered to adult patients diagnosed with epilepsy, initially through telemedicine and later through in‐person visits or phone calls after one year.ResultsA sample of 115 patients was obtained, with 62.5% being women. The mean age of the patients was 33.6 years (± 12), and the mean age of epilepsy onset was 16.82 years (± 13.82). The majority of patients had focal epilepsy (78.3%), and only 42% reported being seizure‐free. The results from the HADS‐A scale showed that 48.69% of the patients had anxiety. On the HADS‐D scale, 29.56% of the patients were found to have depression. At follow‐up, the HADS‐A results indicated that 50.64% of the patients had anxiety, and the HADS‐D results showed that 36.36% had depression. An analysis of associations between sociodemographic or clinical variables and the presence of anxiety and/or depression in PWE revealed no statistically significant results, except for the clinical variable of patients taking anxiolytic or antidepressant medications during the assessment. These patients had lower HADS‐A and HADS‐D scores, with a statistically significant p‐value of 0.0001.SignificanceComparing these findings with a previously published paper by our group showed a significant increase in both depression and anxiety, which were already prevalent in the earlier study. In conclusion, PWE exhibited high levels of anxiety and depression during and one year after the pandemic, despite receiving appropriate treatment. These symptoms, present before the pandemic, have been further exacerbated and continue to persist.Plain Language SummaryThis study examined anxiety and depression in patients with epilepsy (PWE) during the COVID‐19 pandemic at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico. Using the HADS‐A and HADS‐D scales, 115 patients were assessed over a year. Results showed that 48.69% had anxiety and 29.56% had depression, with both increasing to 50.64% and 36.36%, respectively, after one year. The only significant finding was that patients on anxiolytic or antidepressant medication had lower scores for anxiety and depression. The study concludes that anxiety and depression in PWE worsened during the pandemic and persisted despite treatment.

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Survival of COVID-19 with Multimorbidity Patients

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Epidemiology, Symptomatology, and Risk Factors for Long COVID Symptoms: Population-Based, Multicenter Study

Epidemiology, Symptomatology, and Risk Factors for Long COVID Symptoms: Population-Based, Multicenter Study

Survival analysis of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular patients with COVID-19: a secondary data analysis

Anxiety and depression in people with epilepsy during and one year after the COVID‐19 pandemic

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