Survival of faecal indicator bacteria in treated pig manure stored in clay-covered heaps in Vietnam

Dang, Son Thi Thanh; Truong, Dung Van; Madsen, Henry; Dalsgaard, Anders

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.004

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…This would deter a possible genetic material exchange, a process which can result in the emergence and re-emergence of new bacteria of public health importance. The revealed affiliation of Enterococcus to FecD is consistent with previous findings in fecal material of pigs [ 17 – 19 ]. The potential of Enterococcus in nosocomial infections and multidrug resistance [ 20 – 22 ], suggests a need to further examine the antibacterial resistance of isolates from pigs scavenging on dumpsites, and their relation to human and animal pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene Reveals Substantial Bacterial Diversity on the Municipal Dumpsite

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMultiple types of solid waste in developing countries is disposed of together in dumpsites where there is interaction between humans, animals and the bacteria in the waste. To study the bacteria at the dumpsite and the associated risks, previous studies have focused on culturable, leaving behind a great number of unculturable bacteria. This study focuses on a more comprehensive approach to study bacteria at the dumpsite. Since the site comprised of unsorted wastes, a qualitative survey was first performed to identify the variety of solid waste as this has influence on the microbial composition. Thus, domestic (Dom), biomedical (Biom), river sludge (Riv), and fecal material of pigs scavenging on the dumpsite (FecD) were sampled. Total DNA was extracted from 78 samples and the v4-16S rRNA amplicons was characterized using an Illumina MiSeq platform.ResultsA total of 8,469,294 sequences passed quality control. Catchall analysis predicted a mean of 8243 species per sample. Diversity was high with an average InvSimpson index of 44.21 ± 1.44. A total of 35 phyla were detected and the predominant were Firmicutes (38 %), Proteobacteria (35 %), Bacteroidetes (13 %) and Actinobacteria (3 %). Overall 76,862 OTUs were detected, however, only 20 % were found more than 10 times. The predominant OTUs were Acinetobacter (12.1 %), Clostridium sensu stricto (4.8 %), Proteinclasticum and Lactobacillus both at (3.4 %), Enterococcus (2.9 %) and Escherichia/Shigella (1.7 %). Indicator analysis (P ≤ 0.05, indicator value ≥ 70) shows that Halomonas, Idiomarina, Tisierella and Proteiniclasticum were associated with Biom; Enterococcus, Bifidobacteria, and Clostridium sensu stricto with FecD and Flavobacteria, Lysobacter and Commamonas to Riv. Acinetobacter and Clostridium sensu stricto were found in 62 % and 49 % of all samples, respectively, at the relative abundance of 1 %. None of OTUs was found across all samples.ConclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive report on the abundance and diversity bacteria in municipal dumpsite. The species richness reported here shows the complexity of this man-made ecosystem and calls for further research to assess for a link between human diseases and the dumpsite. This would provide insight into proper disposal of the waste, as well as, limit the risks to human health associated with the dumpsite.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-016-0758-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene Reveals Substantial Bacterial Diversity on the Municipal Dumpsite

et al. 2016

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“…It might also reduce fly density in and around the household. Of the 29 records included, four articles examined the effect of animal waste management measures (biogas digesters and composting) on pathogen loads in animal manure, prior to being applied to fields (247)(248)(249)(250). Two articles used pig manure, and one experimental study used poultry feces.…”

Section: Animal Waste Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and Risks of Smallholder Livestock Production on Child Nutrition in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Chen

Mechlowitz

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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Livestock production may improve nutritional outcomes of pregnant women and children by increasing household income, availability of nutrient-dense foods, and women's empowerment. Nevertheless, the relationship is complex, and the nutritional status of children may be impaired by presence of or proximity to livestock and their pathogens. In this paper, we review the benefits and risks of livestock production on child nutrition. Evidence supports the nutritional benefits of livestock farming through income, production, and women's empowerment. Increasing animal source food consumption requires a combination of efforts, including improved animal management so that herd size is adequate to meet household income needs and consumption and addressing sociocultural and gendered norms. Evidence supports the inclusion of behavior change communication strategies into livestock production interventions to facilitate the sustainability of nutritional benefits over time, particularly interventions that engage women and foster dimensions of women's empowerment. In evaluating the risks of livestock production, evidence indicates that a broad range of enteric pathogens may chronically infect the intestines of children and, in combination with dietary deficits, may cause environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), a chronic inflammation of the gut. Some of the most important pathogens associated with EED are zoonotic in nature with livestock as their main reservoir. Very few studies have aimed to understand which livestock species contribute most to colonization with these pathogens, or how to reduce transmission. Control at the point of exposure has been investigated in a few studies, but much less effort has been spent on improving animal husbandry practices, which may have additional benefits. There is an urgent need for dedicated and long-term research to understand which livestock species contribute most to exposure of young children to zoonotic enteric pathogens, to test the potential of a wide range of intervention methods, to assess their effectiveness in randomized trials, and to assure their broad adaptation and sustainability. This review highlights the benefits and risks of livestock production on child nutrition. In addition to identifying research gaps, findings support inclusion of poor gut health as an immediate determinant of child undernutrition, expanding the established UNICEF framework which includes only inadequate diet and disease.

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“…Admittedly, our approach for collection of solid manure samples was not absolutely free from the risk of minimal mixing of sampling from various depths or zones. Nevertheless, in absence of any standard guidelines, an attempt was made in this regard by adapting a manual and user-friendly approach based on the technique employed by Dang et al 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each segment, sub-samples were collected in five radial directions from three concentric zones of varying depths i.e. core, midzone and peripheral zone in each segment 11 . The requisite depths of the zones for sampling in each segment was considered as the mid-point of each zone and was calculated from the measurement of the perimeter in the corresponding segment considering each segment as roughly circular (Fig.…”

Section: Sampling and Processing Of Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Livestock Manure as Potential Reservoir of CTX-M Type Extended-spectrum β-lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Associated with Carbapenemase Production

Devi¹,

Broor²,

Chakravarti³

et al. 2020

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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Increasing faecal carriage rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) among livestock is responsible for abundance of these bacteria in livestock manure which is being extensively used as organic fertilizer in developing countries including India. Use of this manure can be a potential source for spread of these microorganisms to the human community, posing a serious public health threat especially, to manure handlers. There is paucity of data regarding the possible contamination of environment through use of livestock manure from rural India. Analysis of a total of 1080 manure sample pools from different segments of 40 manure heaps each year during the three years period (2015 to 2017) showed a total of 491(45.5%) E. coli and 85 (7.9%) K. pneumoniae to be detected as ESBL producers by double disc synergy test and 3 (0.6%) ESBL-EC and 3 (3.5%) ESBL-KP as carbapenemase producers by CarbaNP test. Among the ESBL producers, 436 (88.8%) ESBL-EC and 59 (69.4%) ESBL-KP were found to harbour bla CTX-M genes by PCR. The present study showed an alarmingly high prevalence of ESBL production and emerging evidence of carbapenemase production among E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates in the manure samples from rural North India. The antibiotic resistance pattern of the ESBL producing isolates revealed high degree of co-resistance to cephalosporin and non-cephalosporin group of antibiotics.

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Survival of faecal indicator bacteria in treated pig manure stored in clay-covered heaps in Vietnam

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene Reveals Substantial Bacterial Diversity on the Municipal Dumpsite

High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene Reveals Substantial Bacterial Diversity on the Municipal Dumpsite

Benefits and Risks of Smallholder Livestock Production on Child Nutrition in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Livestock Manure as Potential Reservoir of CTX-M Type Extended-spectrum β-lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Associated with Carbapenemase Production

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