Survival of infectious Poliovirus-1 in river water compared to the persistence of somatic coliphages, thermotolerant coliforms and Poliovirus-1 genome

Skraber, Sylvain; Gassilloud, Benoît; Schwartzbrod, L.; Gantzer, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2004.03.041

Cited by 57 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Likewise, Wetz et al (165) showed that virus survival at both 22°C and 30°C in unfiltered natural seawater was much shorter than survival in filtered seawater or artificial seawater at either temperature. Finally, sampling season (summer versus winter) was shown to have a greater effect than incubation temperature on survival of both infectious poliovirus and poliovirus RNA (144). Survival of infectious poliovirus 1 seeded in river water collected during winter was greater than that of fecal coliform bacteria regardless of incubation temperatures, whereas the opposite was observed in water collected during the summer (144).…”

Section: Aquatic Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Finally, sampling season (summer versus winter) was shown to have a greater effect than incubation temperature on survival of both infectious poliovirus and poliovirus RNA (144). Survival of infectious poliovirus 1 seeded in river water collected during winter was greater than that of fecal coliform bacteria regardless of incubation temperatures, whereas the opposite was observed in water collected during the summer (144). Therefore, in addition to temperature, UV effects, and adsorption to solids, viral persistence in natural waters may be strongly related to predation by flagellates, extracellular proteases, nucleases, and other enzymes (117,119,150).…”

Section: Aquatic Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore, understanding the relationship between viral persistence (as detected by molecular methods) and infectivity (as detected as CPE in cell culture) is critical to ultimately using molecularly derived data for health protection. Several recent studies have provided evidence that degradation of viral nucleic acids (particularly RNA) is well correlated with loss of infectivity (based on loss of CPE in cell culture), even when the viral genome is more persistent than infectious viruses (41,144,154,165). However, because RNA degrades relatively rapidly in the environment (in a few minutes) compared to DNA, viruses that are no longer infectious because of damage to the capsid also experience damage to the RNA on the same time scale, thus becoming undetectable by both cell culture and RT-PCR (98).…”

Section: Vol 69 2005 Animal Viruses As Tools In Water Quality Managmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tsai et al (154) showed that naked enteroviral RNA could not be detected by RT-PCR and dot blot hybridization after 2 days of incubation at both 4°C and 23°C in unfiltered seawater. Skraber et al (144) observed that although the poliovirus genome has a higher persistence than an infectious poliovirus, the loss in detection of the viral genome is directly correlated to the disappearance of infectious virus, suggesting that viral nucleic acids may indeed serve as an efficient indicator for infectious viruses in aquatic environments.…”

Section: Vol 69 2005 Animal Viruses As Tools In Water Quality Managmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteric Viruses of Humans and Animals in Aquatic Environments: Health Risks, Detection, and Potential Water Quality Assessment Tools

Fong

Lipp

2005

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

629

450

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Waterborne enteric viruses threaten both human and animal health. These pathogens are host specific and cause a wide range of diseases and symptoms in humans or other animals. While considerable research has documented the risk of enteric viruses to human health from contact with contaminated water, the current bacterial indicator-based methods for evaluation of water quality are often ineffectual proxies for pathogenic viruses. Additionally, relatively little work has specifically investigated the risk of waterborne viruses to animal health, and this risk currently is not addressed by routine water quality assessments. Nonetheless, because of their host specificity, enteric viruses can fulfill a unique role both for assessing health risks and as measures of contamination source in a watershed, yet the use of animal, as well as human, host-specific viruses in determining sources of fecal pollution has received little attention. With improved molecular detection assays, viruses from key host groups can be targeted directly using PCR amplification or hybridization with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. A multispecies viral analysis would provide needed information for controlling pollution by source, determining human health risks based on assessments of human virus loading and exposure, and determining potential risks to production animal health and could indicate the potential for the presence of other zoonotic pathogens. While there is a need to better understand the prevalence and environmental distribution of nonhuman enteric viruses, the development of improved methods for specific and sensitive detection will facilitate the use of these microbes for library-independent source tracking and water quality assessment tools

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Section: Aquatic Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Aquatic Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Vol 69 2005 Animal Viruses As Tools In Water Quality Managmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vol 69 2005 Animal Viruses As Tools In Water Quality Managmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Enteric Viruses of Humans and Animals in Aquatic Environments: Health Risks, Detection, and Potential Water Quality Assessment Tools

Fong

Lipp

2005

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

629

450

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The temperatures for all water samples in this study fell well within this range. During this study very few fluctuations in the temperature measurements in the sources and in both the traditional and CDC safe water-storage containers were seen, which indicated that the microorganisms present in the sources and the containers were not exposed to temperature extremes which could have affected their survival and growth (Allwood et al, 2003;Skraber et al, 2004). The temperature measurements indicated no significant difference (P=0.867) between the temperature values of the 2 types of water sources.…”

Section: Temperature (Table 2)mentioning

confidence: 72%

Evaluation of the CDC safe water-storage intervention to improve the microbiological quality of point-of-use drinking water in rural communities in South Africa

Potgieter¹,

Becker²,

Ehlers³

2009

WSA

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The use of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite solutions (placebo; 1% and 3.5% sodium hypochlorite solutions) and 2 water-storage containers (traditional plastic container and the improved CDC safe water-storage container) as interventions in 2 rural communities using different water sources (improved vs. unimproved) was evaluated over a period of 4 months. Standard methods were used to determine the presence of indicator organisms (total coliforms, faecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, faecal enterococci, Clostridium perfringens, male-specific F-RNA and somatic coliphages) in the water samples. The results indicated that the 1% and the 3.5% sodium hypochlorite solutions effectively reduced the numbers of indicator microorganisms to undetectable counts in both types of water-storage containers. However, no statistical differences were seen between the 2 types of water-storage containers in the numbers of indicator microorganisms present in the stored water with the addition of a placebo sodium hypochlorite solution. Compliance of households with the use of the sodium hypochlorite intervention ranged between 60% and 100%. A household questionnaire survey indicated an urgent need for education concerning the risk of waterborne diseases, the proper use of safe household water-storage devices and water treatment processes and improvement of hygiene and sanitation practices in these rural households.

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Leaching of viruses and other microorganisms naturally occurring in pig slurry to tile drains on a well-structured loamy field in Denmark

et al. 2017

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The amount of animal manure used in modern agriculture is increasing due to the increase in global animal production. Pig slurry is known to contain zoonotic bacteria such as E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp., and viruses such as hepatitis E virus and group A rotavirus. Coliform bacteria, present in manure, have previously been shown to leach into tile drains. This poses a potential threat to aquatic environments and may also influence the quality of drinking water. As knowledge is especially scarce about the fate of viruses when applied to fields in natural settings, this project sets out to investigate the leaching potential of six different microorganisms: E. coli and Enterococcus spp. (detected by colony assay), somatic coliphages (using plaque assays), and hepatitis E virus, porcine circovirus type 2, and group A rotavirus (by real-time polymerase chain reaction). All six microorganisms leached through the soil entering the tile drains situated at 1-m depth the first day following pig slurry application. The leaching pattern of group A rotavirus differed substantially from the pattern for somatic coliphages, which are otherwise used as indicators for virus contamination. Furthermore, group A rotavirus was detected in monitoring wells at 3.5-m depth up to 2 months after pig slurry application. The detection of viral genomic material in drainage water and shallow groundwater signifies a potential hazard to human health that needs to be investigated further, as water reservoirs used for recreational use and drinking water are potentially contaminated with zoonotic pathogens.

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Survival of infectious Poliovirus-1 in river water compared to the persistence of somatic coliphages, thermotolerant coliforms and Poliovirus-1 genome

Cited by 57 publications

References 30 publications

Enteric Viruses of Humans and Animals in Aquatic Environments: Health Risks, Detection, and Potential Water Quality Assessment Tools

Enteric Viruses of Humans and Animals in Aquatic Environments: Health Risks, Detection, and Potential Water Quality Assessment Tools

Evaluation of the CDC safe water-storage intervention to improve the microbiological quality of point-of-use drinking water in rural communities in South Africa

Leaching of viruses and other microorganisms naturally occurring in pig slurry to tile drains on a well-structured loamy field in Denmark

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