Survival of Radio-Marked Mallard Ducklings in Northeastern California

Mauser, David M.; Jarvis, Robert L.; Gilmer, David S.

doi:10.2307/3809552

Cited by 72 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Indeed, wetting, chilling and exhaustion have been observed to cause 1-5-day-old ducklings (class Ia; Gollop and Marshall, 1954) to die directly from hypothermia (Reed, 1975;Seymour, 1982;Talent et al, 1983;Mauser et al, 1994;Sayler and Willms, 1997). The fraction of total mortality resulting directly from hypothermia is not well known, but reported data for mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and canvasback (Aythya valisineria) ducks suggest ranges from 8-9% (Talent et al, 1983;Mauser et al, 1994) to 24-27% , respectively. Wetting and chilling may also cause indirect mortality from reduced growth (Samuel et al, 1995) or increased susceptibility to disease (Mendenhall and Milne, 1985), pesticides (Martin and Solomon, 1991) and predation (Mendenhall and Milne, 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This behavior is interesting because the available data indicate that down is much less resistant to wetting than contour feathers (Nye, 1964;Kooyman et al, 1976;Mendenhall, 1979;Barré and Roussel, 1986;Taylor, 1986;Stephenson, 1997). Indeed, wetting, chilling and exhaustion have been observed to cause 1-5-day-old ducklings (class Ia; Gollop and Marshall, 1954) to die directly from hypothermia (Reed, 1975;Seymour, 1982;Talent et al, 1983;Mauser et al, 1994;Sayler and Willms, 1997). The fraction of total mortality resulting directly from hypothermia is not well known, but reported data for mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and canvasback (Aythya valisineria) ducks suggest ranges from 8-9% (Talent et al, 1983;Mauser et al, 1994) to 24-27% , respectively.…”

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Partitioning heat loss from mallard ducklings swimming on the air–water interface

Banta

Lynott

VanSant

et al. 2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Partitioning heat loss from mallard ducklings swimming on the air–water interface

Banta

Lynott

VanSant

et al. 2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…For broods moving shorter distances, median duckling survival was higher (Rotella and Ratti 1992b). In contrast, some studies did not detect a relationship between survival and overland movements by broods (Mauser et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Females may move their broods in response to low invertebrate numbers or to avoid wetlands lacking a zone of emergent vegetation. Results from studies examining the relationship between brood movements and brood survival are conflicting: some demonstrate a negative relationship (Rotella and Ratti 1992a), whereas others found a positive or no relationship (Mauser et al 1994).…”

Section: Significance Of Philopatrymentioning

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Comparison of Coastal Fringe and Interior Forests as Reserves for Marbled Murrelets on Vancouver Island

Burger¹,

Bahn²

2000

The Condor

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Abstract. Much of the protected habitat available to the threatened Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus and other old-growth associated species in the Pacific Northwest is in narrow strips along the coast (e.g., parks and scenic fringes). Using data over two years from three watersheds on southwest Vancouver Island, we show that such shoreline strip forests represent suboptimal habitat for murrelets. Murrelet detections, including circling and subcanopy behaviors, were significantly lower at 30 coastal stations (20-250 m from the shoreline edge) than at 30 interior stations (1.5-21.0 km inland). Densities of predators were significantly higher at the coastal stations. The coastal trees were of similar mean height and diameter, but they had lower structural diversity and provided fewer and less suitable (thinner epiphyte cover on large boughs) nesting platforms than trees in the interior. When possible, reserves for Marbled Murrelets should be placed in interior and not shoreline forests. Key words: Brachyramphus marmoratus, coastal forests, Marbled Murrelet, nesting, Vancouver Island.Many parks and other protected areas along the coast of the Pacific Northwest consist of narrow strips of old-growth forest bordering the ocean. These strips serve as recreation areas and ''scenic fringes'' in areas frequented by tourists, or protect sensitive shoreline areas and fish spawning sites when clearcut logging occurs. Such strips of forest are usually included in the inventory of habitat available for the Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus, and other old-growth associated species. There is evidence from the Queen Charlotte Islands (Rodway et al. 1991), Vancouver Island (Rodway and Regehr 1999), and Washington state (Hamer 1995) that shoreline fringe forests might not provide optimal nest habitats for murrelets. In this paper we specifically address this issue by comparing murrelet detection rates, habitat measures, and densities of predators at shoreline and interior sites in three watersheds on Vancouver Island.Marbled Murrelets are listed as threatened through most of their range in the Pacific Northwest, apart from Alaska (Ralph et al. 1995). Loss of nesting habitat through logging of old-growth forest is the greatest threat (Ralph et al. 1995, Nelson 1997, but increased predation at nests, due to edge-effects created by clear-1 Received 31 January 2000. Accepted 19 July 2000. cut logging, is an additional problem (Nelson and Hamer 1995, Manley 1999). At sea, oil pollution, gill nets, and aquaculture pose problems for murrelets (Ralph et al. 1995). The high economic value of the forests in which murrelets nest ensures conflicts between conservation and timber extraction priorities. In both Canada and the U.S., there are procedures for protecting the murrelet's nesting habitat, but it is critically important that the protected areas meet the murrelet's nesting habitat requirements and do not have unusually high densities of predators. Our study therefore focused on the adequacy of shoreline strip forests ...

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Sitting ducklings: Timing of hatch, nest departure, and predation risk for dabbling duck broods

Peterson

Ackerman

Herzog

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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For ground‐nesting waterfowl, the timing of egg hatch and duckling departure from the nest may be influenced by the risk of predation at the nest and en route to wetlands and constrained by the time required for ducklings to imprint on the hen and be physically able to leave the nest. We determined the timing of hatch, nest departure, and predation on dabbling duck broods using small video cameras placed at the nests of mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos ; n = 26), gadwall ( Mareca strepera ; n = 24), and cinnamon teal ( Anas cyanoptera ; n = 5). Mallard eggs began to hatch throughout the day and night, whereas gadwall eggs generally started to hatch during daylight hours (mean 7.5 hr after dawn). Among all species, duckling departure from the nest occurred during daylight (98%), and 53% of hens typically left the nest with their broods 1–4 hr after dawn. For mallard and gadwall, we identified three strategies for the timing of nest departure: (a) 9% of broods left the nest the same day that eggs began to hatch (6–12 hr later), (b) 81% of broods left the nest the day after eggs began to hatch, and (c) 10% of broods waited 2 days to depart the nest after eggs began to hatch, leaving the nest just after the second dawn (27–42 hr later). Overall, eggs were depredated at 10% of nests with cameras in the 2 days prior to hatch and ducklings were depredated at 15% of nests with cameras before leaving the nest. Our results suggest that broods prefer to depart the nest early in the morning, which may best balance developmental constraints with predation risk both at the nest and en route to wetlands.

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Survival of Radio-Marked Mallard Ducklings in Northeastern California

Cited by 72 publications

References 17 publications

Partitioning heat loss from mallard ducklings swimming on the air–water interface

Partitioning heat loss from mallard ducklings swimming on the air–water interface

Comparison of Coastal Fringe and Interior Forests as Reserves for Marbled Murrelets on Vancouver Island

Sitting ducklings: Timing of hatch, nest departure, and predation risk for dabbling duck broods

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