Survival of Spermatozoa at Low Temperatures

Smith, Audrey U.; Polge, C.

doi:10.1038/166668a0

Cited by 157 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Convincing evidence using glycerol for the cryoprotection of spermatozoa from higher vertebrates was first shown by Polge et al (1949), who diluted chicken semen with Ringer's solution containing 40% glycerol and observed full recovery of motility after thawing. However, when the glycerolated semen was inseminated into more than 2000 hens, none of the eggs were fertile regardless of whether they were inseminated with fresh or frozen semen (Smith and Polge, 1950). In the same laboratory, Sloviter (1951) found that frozen/thawed red blood cells survived without hemolysis if the glycerol was removed by dialysis prior to transfusion.…”

Section: Semen Cryopreservationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Conservation of Avian Genetic Resources

Tajima

2013

J. Poult. Sci.

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Conservation of avian genetic resources is important, as 13.0% (1,313/10,064) of known avian species are currently categorized as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN, 2012). Development of an integrated system for conservation of avian genetics is necessary; however, germplasm conservation systems developed for mammals cannot be applied directly to avians, primarily due to the unique anatomical and physiological characteristics of the avian egg. Thus an alternative strategy for conservation of oviparous species of animals must be developed. Recent technological developments for producing germline chimeras by the transfer of primordial germ cells into recipient embryos has enabled the conservation and retrieval of chicken genetic resources in their complete form. Furthermore, the possibility of propagating endangered wild birds through interspecies germline chimeras has been proposed.In the present review, the current status of avian genetic resource conservation is presented with a focus on the following 4 topics: 1) semen cryopreservation, 2) germline chimeras, 3) somatic nuclear transfer, and 4) other related technologies.

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Section: Semen Cryopreservationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Conservation of Avian Genetic Resources

Tajima

2013

J. Poult. Sci.

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“…If the sperm concentration estimation is not precise it affects production efficiency of breeding stations, product quality and fertility (Anzer et al 2009). In order to assess semen quality, evaluation of sperm concentration and motility has been used, however provides limited information about the potential fertility of sires (Elliot, 1978 One of the most important achievements in dairy farming after the introduction of artificial insemination is the cryopreservation of bull semen, which has enabled the worldwide distribution and use of desired genetic lines at a reasonable cost (Polge et al 1949;Smith et al 1950;Manjunath et al 2002), however, it is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and decreased antioxidant level. Indeed, the key structure affected by cryopreservation is the sperm plasma membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vitamins on the Quality of Insemination Doses of Bulls

Hashim¹,

Tvrdá²,

Greifová³

et al. 2017

J microb biotech food sci

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To preserve and protect spermatozoa against any possible oxidative damage the addition of natural antioxidants might be the ideal solution which has been investigated worldwide. The composition of the diluents is as follows: 50 µM/L vitamin C with 0.5% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide, Sigma, St. Louis, USA); 50 µM/L vitamin E with 0.5% ethanol; each added separately to the spermatozoa with the aim to determine its effect on post-thaw quality of spermatozoa. 20 samples from each control and experimental group were analysed. Semen was thawed at 37°C for 70 seconds. The sperm motility parameters were analysed immediately after thawing used Sperm Vision CASA (Computer Assisted Semen Analysis) system. The viability of the cells was evaluated by metabolic activity MTT assay and the nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) test was used to assess the intracellular formation of the superoxide radicals. Motility was observed with highest statistical differences (P0.05) with the samples containing vitamin C, however, higher percentage (54%) of motility was observed in comparison to the control group (51.61%). Based on MTT assay, viability was also improved with the supplementation of vitamin C with the highest significance (P0.05). however, had higher percentage of viable spermatozoa (105.8%) when compare to the control group (100.1%) which did not contain vitamin E. All of the mentioned substances used – vitamin C, vitamin E – prevented the intracellular overproduction of free radicals within the sperm mitochondrial membrane with the statistical significance (P

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“…The discovery that bull semen could be frozen and still retain its fertilizing capacity (Smith et al, 1950) encouraged other workers to conduct experiments with canine semen and that of other animals (Bouchard et al, 1958;. Sperm rich 2 nd fractions of ejaculates are normally preferred for preservation.…”

Section: Preservation Of Canine Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced immotility during long-term storage at +5°C does not prolong survival of dog spermatozoa

Shahiduzzaman

Linde‐Forsberg

2007

Theriogenology

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The days are not so far away when sex sorted preserved liquid semen will be available in drug stores saying "Let me stay cool, I will give you beautiful puppies".To my parents (Abdus Satter and Jamela Khatun ) Preservation of canine semen by extension and chilling has provided the AI veterinarians with an opportunity to overcome limitations of both time and space. Several parameters are assessed to predict the fertility of canine spermatozoa for a given sample. Motility is one of them. Spermatozoa stay immotile while preserved in CLONE (Cryogenetic Laboratories of New England, Inc, USA) Chilled Semen Extender whereas they maintain motility over the whole 23 days period of study while preserved in a Tris egg yolk glucose extender at 5°C.The aim of this study was to investigate whether the immotility induced by the CLONE chilled semen extender prolongs the lifespan of dog spermatozoa stored at 5°C, compared with a Tris-egg yolk-glucose (TG) extender, which maintains motility. Semen from eleven dogs was pooled, split in four aliquots, centrifuged, and the supernatants removed. The four sperm pellets were mixed with a TG extender; with the CLONE chilled semen (CL) extender; with TG extender mixed with TG but without egg yolk and with less glucose (TG+A TG ); or with the CLONE extender mixed with the CLONE activator (CL+A CL ) to a final sperm concentration of 200 x 10 6 spermatozoa / mL. The samples were stored at 5ºC for 23 days and examined twelve times for sperm motility by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), as well as for plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, glucose consumption, and DNA fragmentation index (DFI). The experiment was performed in triplicate. The third replicate was examined for presence of bacteria. For the statistical calculations, the 23 experimental days were divided into three periods, the first period comprising days 1-8, the second period days 9-14, and the third period days 15-23. Total motility (TM%) did not differ between extenders in the first period, but was higher in TG and TG+A TG compared with CL+A CL in the second and third periods, and with CL in the third period (P<0.05). Progressive motility (PM%) was higher in TG (P<0.0001), TG+A TG (P=0.0007) and CL+A CL (P=0.0176) than in CL in the first period. Both TG and TG+A TG maintained higher PM% than did CL and CL+A CL in the second and third period. Tris-egg yolkglucose and TG+A TG maintained higher straight line velocity (VSL) and average path velocity (VAP) compared with CL and CL+A CL during the whole experimental period. Curvilinear velocity (VCL) was higher in TG, CL, and TG+A TG than in CL+A CL samples (P<0.05) in the first and third periods. No differences in lateral head displacement (LHD) were observed between extenders or over time. Acrosome and plasma membrane integrity decreased over time, but there were no differences among the extenders in the first and second periods (P>0.05). In the third period, however, TG, TG+A TG , and CL maintained acrosome and plasma membrane integrity better than CL+A CL . Glucose consu...

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Survival of Spermatozoa at Low Temperatures

Cited by 157 publications

References 7 publications

Conservation of Avian Genetic Resources

Conservation of Avian Genetic Resources

Effect of Vitamins on the Quality of Insemination Doses of Bulls

Induced immotility during long-term storage at +5°C does not prolong survival of dog spermatozoa

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