Survival of staphylococci and transmissibility of their antimicrobial resistance genes in milk after heat treatments

Taher, Eman; Hemmatzadeh, Farhid; Aly, Salwa A.; Elesswy, Hamdy A.; Petrovski, Kiro

doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109584

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A previously published adapted PCR protocol using 16S rRNA species-specific probes for screening of E. coli, staphylococci, and streptococci were used (Table 1; Malhotra-Kumar et al, 2005;Lange et al, 2015;Rahman et al, 2017). The PCR amplification was conducted following a previously adopted protocol (Taher et al, 2020). Briefly, the 25-µL total volume contained 0.5 µL of Taq DNA polymerase (5 U/µL; Bio-line, Boston, MA), 5 µL of 5× reaction buffer (Bio-line), 1 µL (0.5 µM) of each forward and reverse primer, 2 µL of extracted DNA template, and 15.5 µL of diethyl pyrocarbonate-treated water.…”

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular Detection of AMR Genes. An adapted PCR protocol using 10 gene-specific primers for bla TEM-1B , blaZ, ermB, ermC, mecA, mecC, sul2, tetA, tetM, and tetK genes was used (Table 1; Malhotra-Kumar et al, 2005;Dallenne et al, 2010;Pyatov et al, 2017;Taher et al, 2020). Control positive strains included Staph.…”

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previously described (Taher et al, 2020) PCR amplification was performed in 35 cycles, as detailed Hayes et al, 2001). Plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 to 48 h. To determine the purity of colonies with preliminary growth, they were transferred onto sheep blood agar.…”

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light Microscopy Screening. Pasteurized and UHT milk samples were cleared through enzymatic treatment with 0.05 mg of proteinase K (Sigma-Aldrich, Sydney, Australia; Gunasekera et al, 2000;Taher et al, 2020). Samples were then centrifuged for 10 min at 14,000 × g, and lipids (top layer) and digested proteins of the milk were removed without disturbing the bacteria-containing pellet.…”

Section: Detection Of Vbnc Statementioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes on farms and in commercial milk with emphasis on the effect of currently practiced heat treatments on viable but nonculturable formation

Taher

Hemmatzadeh

Aly

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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Despite the considerable advances that have been made to improve dairy food safety, there is rising concern that pasteurization is not sufficient for the destruction of plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes of resistant bacteria and could stimulate bacteria to enter into a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state.In the current study, we surveyed the prevalence of 1 genomic and 9 plasmid-mediated AMR genes in 100 samples (bulk tank milk and milk filter socks) at the farm level and 152 commercial milk samples (pasteurized and UHT milks) and assessed the VBNC state in dairy bacteria. Results revealed that sul2 was the most prevalent plasmid-mediated gene in milk filter socks (96%), bulk tank milk (48%), pasteurized milk (68%), and UHT (43%) milk; in contrast, mecA was not detected in any sample. Additionally, commercial pasteurization (as currently practiced) failed to decrease the prevalence of the bla TEM-B1 (43%), tetK (30%), and tetA (55%) plasmid-mediated AMR genes; thus, commercial pasteurization may be one of the factors creating the VBNC state in some dairy bacteria. Continued research is necessary to identify bacterial species entering the VBNC state after pasteurization, to assess their potential hazard level and shed more light on the expression and possibility of horizontal gene transfer of those plasmid-mediated AMR genes.

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Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Of Vbnc Statementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes on farms and in commercial milk with emphasis on the effect of currently practiced heat treatments on viable but nonculturable formation

Taher

Hemmatzadeh

Aly

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Microorganisms in viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state are alive with metabolic activity, but losing culturability in routine culture media. The VBNC state microorganisms, not only in many bacteria but also in some archaea as well as in fungi, have been discovered as exposure to copper ions (Ordax et al, 2010), hydrogen peroxide (Morishige et al, 2013), high pressure CO 2 (Zhao et al, 2013), chlorine dioxide (Mustapha et al, 2015), ultraviolet radiation (Zhang et al, 2015a), thermosonication (TS; Liao et al, 2018aLiao et al, , 2018bKrizanovic et al, 2020), citric acid (Bai et al, 2019) and thermal pasteurisation (Taher et al, 2020). It is noteworthy that some conventional techniques and non-thermal techniques that developed for the food processing are involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the occurrence of viable but non‐culturable state in Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus during thermosonication and prevent it with sodium pyruvate

Zhang

Lifen

Nie

et al. 2020

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Concerning potential food safety and/or public health risks raised by viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state bacteria, factors affecting its occurrence during thermosonication were summarised. The relative ratios of Salmonella and Escherichia coli in the VBNC state were higher than that of Staphylococcus aureus, suggesting that the tested gram-negative bacteria would be more likely to survive in this state than S. aureus (gram-positive). The culturability of bacteria was easier to be retained in neutral pH environment, resulting in a reduced likelihood of entering into a VBNC state. Non-occurrence of a VBNC state by moderate heat of 32-57°C was observed, facilitated in combination with sonication and being correlated with thermosonication conditions. Adding sodium pyruvate before thermosonication treatments could prevent the occurrence of a VBNC state, though the molecular mechanism of it is not clearly known and needs further elucidation.

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Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci as a cause of mastitis in domestic ruminants: current knowledge, advances, biomedical applications, and future perspectives – a systematic review

Romero

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez

2023

Vet Res Commun

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Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) are one of the most common causes of subclinical mastitis in dairy animals and the extent of damage by intramammary infections (IMI) caused by NASM is still under debate. The different effects of NASM on the mammary gland may be associated with differences between bacterial species. NASM are normal and abundant colonizers of humans and animals and become pathogenic only in certain situations. The veterinary interest in NASM has been intense for the last 25 years, due to the strongly increasing rate of opportunistic infections. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a general background of the NASM as a cause of mastitis and the most recent advances that exist to prevent and fight the biofilm formation of this group of bacteria, introduce new biomedical applications that could be used in dairy herds to reduce the risk of chronic and recurrent infections, potentially responsible for economic losses due to reduced milk production and quality. Effective treatment of biofilm infection requires a dual approach through a combination of antibiofilm and antimicrobial agents. Even though research on the development of biofilms is mainly focused on human medicine, this technology must be developed at the same time in veterinary medicine, especially in the dairy industry where IMI are extremely common.

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Survival of staphylococci and transmissibility of their antimicrobial resistance genes in milk after heat treatments

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes on farms and in commercial milk with emphasis on the effect of currently practiced heat treatments on viable but nonculturable formation

Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes on farms and in commercial milk with emphasis on the effect of currently practiced heat treatments on viable but nonculturable formation

Factors affecting the occurrence of viable but non‐culturable state in Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus during thermosonication and prevent it with sodium pyruvate

Non-aureus staphylococci and mammaliicocci as a cause of mastitis in domestic ruminants: current knowledge, advances, biomedical applications, and future perspectives – a systematic review

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