Survival Outcome and Prognostic Factors Among Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Hospital-Based Study

Abstract

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cancer with very high incidence and mortality and low survival rate in Vietnam and worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the survival outcome and its prognostic factors among HCC patients. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study on patients newly diagnosed with HCC at Hanoi Oncology Hospital, Vietnam from January 2018 to December 2020. Overall survival (OS) was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test and Cox regression were used to investigate the association among patients’ OS and their diagnosis and treatment factors. Results: A total of 674 patients were included. The median OS was 10.0 months. The survival rates at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 57.3%, 46.6%, 34.8%, and 29.7%, respectively. The initial performance status (PS), Child-Pugh score, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage at the time of diagnosis are prognostic factors of HCC OS. A total of 451 (66.8%) patients have died, most of them (375 equally 83.1%) died at home, and only 76 (16.9%) died at hospital. Hepatocellular carcinoma patients living in the rural area more likely died at home than those living in the urban area (85.9% vs 74.8%, P = .007). Conclusions: Hepatocellular carcinoma has a poor prognosis with low OS. Performance status, Child-Pugh score, and BCLC stage were the independent prognostic factors for the survival outcome of HCC patients. The fact that most HCC patients died at home suggested that home-based hospice care needs to be paid special attention.

Serum Pentraxin 3 as a Biomarker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian Liver Cirrhotic Patients

“…As well, Le et al [11] who reported that hepatocellular carcinoma patients living in the rural area more likely died at home than those living in the urban area, [P = 0.007]. In addition, Bhattarai et al [12] reported that a total of 338 [56.4 %] of patients with liver cirrhosis were from rural areas.…”

Insights in Molecular Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…Cirrhosis is associated with liver decompensation, portal hypertension, and impaired liver function, all of which contribute to poorer outcomes in HCC patients. Nevertheless, the overall health status of patients with HCC, including performance status (e.g., Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status), influences treatment eligibility and prognosis [10,11]. Regarding the influence of etiology on treatment outcome, current real-world studies have not demonstrated a significant difference in overall survival for the use of atezolizumab/bevacizumab in patients with viral-associated HCC compared with alcohol-associated HCC and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-associated HCC [12].…”

RNF125‑mediated ubiquitination of MCM6 regulates the proliferation of human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cells

“…Currently, the global five-year survival rate of metastatic HCC is <20% ( 3 ). Great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, but the mortality rate remains unsatisfactory ( 3 , 4 ). According to the stage of the tumor and the condition of the patient, there are various treatment options for HCC.…”