Survival rate of cervical cancer from a study conducted in India

Abstract

Objectives: The incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer in the world are 13.1/105 and 6.9/105, respectively. In India, it is estimated that there are 96,922 new cervical cancer cases and 60,078 deaths and ranked second among women cancers. The incidence and mortality rates are 14.7/105 and 9.2/105, respectively, although the incidence varies within Indian population. The majority of these cervical patients report at a late-stage of disease in health-care facility due to lack of awareness. A premier tertiary cancer hospital in Mumbai conducted the present survival-study. The aim of the study was to assess the various factors that determine the survival outcomes by age at diagnosis, role of comorbidities, stage of disease, and treatment. Material and Methods: The main source of information was patients’ medical records from which the data were abstracted, and active follow-up was undertaken. 1678 cases diagnosed between the years 2006 and 2008 at Tata Memorial Hospital are analyzed using actuarial method for obtaining survival rates and log-rank tests for comparison of survival groups. Results: The 5-year survival rate was 76.0% for those aged ≤50 years, 73.3% for non-residents, 74.4% for literates, and 81.8% for Christians and 72.5% for those with squamous cell carcinoma histology; those with no comorbidities had marginally better survival than their counter-parts. The survival rates were 83.5%, 80.6%, 66.0%, and 37.1% for Stage I, Stage II, Stage III, and Stage IV, respectively. The best survival outcomes were for those treated with only surgery (95.6%), or in combination with either radiotherapy (90.6%) or with radiotherapy and chemotherapy (85.5%). Involvement of either nodes/sites had poorer survival than those with no-involvement. In the multivariate analysis, only stage of the disease emerged as a significant prognosis factor. Conclusion: The study concluded that younger patients, early stage of disease, non-involvement of any sites/ nodes, and radiotherapy either alone or in combination with other treatment type provided better outcomes. Early detection and prevention strategies are keys to obtain better outcomes.

Secular Trends in Incidence and Mortality of Cervical Cancer in India and its States, 1990- 2019: Data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study

“…The age-standardized incidence and death rates of cervical cancer is found to be 13.10 and 7.38 per 100,000 females. Consistent with our ndings, researchers found the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer to be 14.7 and 9.2 per 100,000 among Indian women (Balasubramaniam et al, 2020). Similarly, researchers at George institute also found the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer to be 22 and 12.4 per 100,000 women.…”

Incidence, Treatment and Outcomes of Cervical Cancer in Low- and Middle-income Countries

“…The outcomes of women with cervical cancer in developing countries are lower compared with those in developed nations for various reasons [17]. First, the availability of treatment units is not uniform, with most of the needy not having access to treatment due to geographical reach, with most units in urban areas [18]. Second, completion of treatment is a challenge due to protracted treatment times and financial constraints.…”

Five-year survival outcomes with two different high dose rate brachytherapy schedules used in the treatment of cervical carcinoma

“…Again, no separate subgroup analysis was done in their trial. A recent trial by Balasubramaniam et al (23) reported 5-year survival rates of 85% for stage 2 and 71.1% for stage 3 patients treated with standard radiation and chemotherapy arm. Grade 2 and above toxicities were slightly higher in arm B but the results were not statistically significant.…”