Susceptibilidade de espécies de plantas com potencial de fitorremediação do herbicida sulfentrazone

Abstract

Selection of plants tolerant to sulfentrazone and potential for phytoremediationAmong the new technologies, phytoremediation is considered as an option for the decontamination of areas that thave undergone intense herbicide applications. This work aimed to select species with potential to the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with the herbicide sulfentrazone. The tested species were Calopogonium mucunoides, hybrid Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense), Crotalaria breviflora, Crotalaria juncea, Canavalia ensiformis, Dolichos lablab, Stizolobium deeringianum e Stizolobium aterrimum. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using 6 dm 3 vases filled with soil samples collected at a depth of 20 cm. The experimental design was the randomized blocks in a factorial scheme of 8 x 5, with four repetitions, which were composed by the eight plant species, and five doses of sulfentrazone (0, 200, 400, 800 and 1,600g ha -1 ). We evaluated the phytotoxicity of the herbicide, plant height and dry weight of shoots and roots. The species showing the least symptoms of phytotoxicity and the highest rates of height and fresh and dry biomass were C. juncea, C. ensiformis and D. lablab, which were selected as tolerant to the herbicide sulfentrazone and with potential for phytoremediation.

Sulfentrazone Phytoremediation Under Field Conditions

“…The potential of C. juncea and C. ensiformis to phytoremediate soils contaminated with up to 400 g ha -1 sulfentrazone has already been confirmed (MADALÃO et al, 2013), and the results of the present study underline the capacity that these plant species have to decontaminate soil contaminated with this herbicide up to a dose of 800 g ha -1 a.i. The results further show the contribution of the phytoremediation technique to increase the production of P. glaucum grains.…”

“…In a bioassay conducted by Belo et al (2011) using sorghum as an indicator plant, Helianthus annuus was the highest performer in reducing carryover effects. In turn, Madalão et al (2013) selected the green manure Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria juncea and Dolichos lablab as having potential for phytoremediation. Such results show the environmental viability of applying phytoremediation to sulfentrazone-contaminated soils.…”

Growth of Eucalyptus Seedlings in Soil Contaminated by Heavy Metals

“…This demonstrates a better performance of the parameter "root" than the others. The root size is an important feature in order to phyto-stabilize the areas contaminated by heavy metals, for it protects the soil from erosion, reduces lixiviation, favors aggregation and microbiological activity in the soil (MADALÃO et al, 2013). PINTO et al (2011) analyzed the nutritional efficiency of Eucalyptus clones.…”

Action of Canavalia ensiformis in remediation of contaminated soil with sulfentrazone

“…Research has identified the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) as an efficient species for the remediation of sulfentrazone, under controlled conditions (Madalão et al 2012;Madalão et al 2013).…”