Susceptibility of Almond (<i>Prunus dulcis</i>) Cultivars to Twig Canker and Shoot Blight Caused by<i>Diaporthe amygdali</i>

Beluzán, Francisco; Miarnau, Xavier; Torguet, Laura; Zazurca, Lourdes; Abad-Campos, Paloma; Luque, Jordi; Armengol, Josep

doi:10.1094/pdis-09-21-1875-re

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Fourteen accessions were evaluated as resistant and the highest level of resistance was identi ed in Malus sieboldii Rehder, which was effective against different isolates of the tested fungus 40 . Similar results were also found in pathogenicity studies using different fungal species and host plants [41][42][43][44][45][46] . The virulence of the tested fungal isolates as measured by lesion length was varied and this could be attributed to the genetic diversity among the isolates.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

An emerging disease on young apple trees associated with crown and collar canker and necrosis caused by Cytospora balanejica sp. nov. in Iran

Azizi

Ghosta

Ahmadpour

2022

Preprint

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Apple is the most important fruit tree in West Azarbaijan province of Iran. However, a disease with crown and collar canker and necrosis was observed in three young apple orchards in Urmia, affected 15% and 1% of ‘Red Delicious’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ cultivars, respectively. A fungus with typical characteristics of the asexual morph of Cytospora was regularly isolated from the diseased tissues. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis inferred from the combined dataset of the ITS–rDNA, parts of LSU, tef1-α, rpb2 and act1 genes revealed that the isolates represent a new species of Cytospora, described herein as Cytospora balanejica sp. nov.. Pathogenicity of all isolates was confirmed on the cv. ‘Red Delicious’ based on Koch’s postulates. Also, the reaction of 12 apple cultivars was assessed against five selected isolates with higher virulence. Results showed that except cv. ‘Braeburn’ which did not produce any symptoms of infection, the other 11 cultivars showed characteristic symptoms including sunken and discolored bark and wood. The mean length of discolored area was different among the 11 so-called susceptible cultivars, hence cvs. ‘M4’ and ‘Golden delicious’ had the highest and the lowest lesion length, respectively. Moreover, the aggressiveness of five tested isolates was varied and the isolates BA 2–4 and BA 3–1 had the highest and lowest aggressiveness, respectively. Based on our observations on the potential ability of the fungus in causing the disease on young and actively growing apple trees, it will be a serious threat to apple cultivation and industry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

An emerging disease on young apple trees associated with crown and collar canker and necrosis caused by Cytospora balanejica sp. nov. in Iran

Azizi

Ghosta

Ahmadpour

2022

Preprint

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“…the Diatrypaceae E. lata; the Togniniaceae Phaeoacremonium amygdalinum and P. iranianum, confirmed by Raimondo et al (2021); and the Diaporthaceae Diaporthe amygdali, later confirmed by Varjas et al (2017), León et al (2020), andBeluzán et al (2022). Almond wood is also invaded by Pleurostoma richardsiae (Olmo et al, 2015) and Calosphaeria pulchella (Arzanlou et al, 2013).…”

Section: Fungal Trunk Diseases Of Nut Treesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Fungal trunk diseases of fruit trees in Europe: pathogens, spread and future directions

Guarnaccia

Kraus

Markakis³

et al. 2023

Phytopathol. Mediterr.

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Production from crops of pome, stone fruit, nut, berry fruit, citrus, grapevine, and olive is increasingly threatened by fungal trunk diseases (FTD). These diseases and the consequent production losses are major problems. Many fungi (including Botryosphaeriaceae, Calosphaeriaceae, Diaporthaceae, Diatrypaceae, Nectriaceae, Phaeomoniellaceae, Pleosporaceae, Togniniaceae, Valsaceae) infect host wood, mainly through wounds and subsequent colonization of woody tissues, causing symptoms such as cankers, gummosis, wood rotting, blight and dieback. Propagative plant material, seedlings and fruit play a significant role in pathogen spread. Several abiotic factors (e.g. shifts in cultural practices and climate change) are involved in the disease development. This paper reviews recent literature on FTD of fruit crops, particularly focusing on the European status of pathogen occurrence. Case studies are described related to diseases of apple, citrus, grapevine, berry, nut and stone fruit, and olive trees. Aspects related to epidemiology and the increase in disease incidence along with the future perspectives on the FTD research are also discussed.

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Review of agronomic and kernel quality traits of 273 almond cultivars

Calle,

Aparicio-Durán,

Batlle

et al. 2024

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Almond stands out as one of the best-adapted temperate tree species globally. Its adaptability facilitated a widespread distribution from Central Asia to regions such as the Mediterranean, the United States, and Australia, enabling the adaptation of different genotypes to specific edaphoclimatic conditions. Throughout this spreading process, diverse almond landraces were selected in each growing area, resulting in a collection with varying agronomic and kernel quality properties well adapted to each origin. In addition to these native cultivars, various almond breeding programs, both public and private, released new cultivars to address key issues related to the production and kernel quality of traditional cultivars. This collective effort has resulted in a wide range of cultivars with diverse phenotypic characteristics, available for cultivation and breeding purposes. In this review, we summarize the main agronomic and kernel quality characteristics of globally available cultivated almond germplasm. This germplasm comprises genotypes from Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Europe, either locally cultivated or released from breeding programs. For each cultivar, we provide information (if known) on the origin, parentage, year of introduction, self-(in)compatibility, S alleles, blooming time, chilling, and heat requirements, bearing habits, kernel and shell characteristics, harvesting time, tree characteristic, and disease susceptibility/resistance. In conclusion, the global diversity of cultivated almond germplasm presented in this review provides a valuable repository of phenotypic traits and genetic resources to continue advancements in almond cultivation and breeding worldwide.

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Susceptibility of Almond (Prunus dulcis) Cultivars to Twig Canker and Shoot Blight Caused byDiaporthe amygdali

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

An emerging disease on young apple trees associated with crown and collar canker and necrosis caused by Cytospora balanejica sp. nov. in Iran

An emerging disease on young apple trees associated with crown and collar canker and necrosis caused by Cytospora balanejica sp. nov. in Iran

Fungal trunk diseases of fruit trees in Europe: pathogens, spread and future directions

Review of agronomic and kernel quality traits of 273 almond cultivars

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