Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase production

Aldridge, Kenneth E.; Sanders, Charles V.; Lewis, Anna; Marier, Robert L.

doi:10.1099/00222615-16-1-75

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The minimum inhibitory concentration of ofloxacin against 90% of Bacteroides fragilis, a strain having potent activity transforming PF into PM-I (Shu et al 1987), is 6.3 ·g mL ¡1 (Drew & Gallis 1988), whereas that of MET is less than 0.39 ·g mL ¡1 (Oguri & Kosakai 1979). Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration of AMPC against many anaerobic bacteria is less than 0.13 ·g mL ¡1 (Aldridge et al 1983), lower than that of ofloxacin (Drew & Gallis 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of co-administered antibiotics on the pharmacokinetic fate in rats of paeoniflorin and its active metabolite paeonimetabolin-I from Shaoyao-Gancao-tang

He¹,

Akao

Tani³

2003

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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The effects of orally co-administered antibiotics on the pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin (PF) and paeonimetabolin-I (PM-I), a bioactive metabolite derived from PF by intestinal bacteria, from the traditional Chinese formulation, Shaoyao-Gancao-tang (SGT), were investigated in rats to clarify the effect of administering SGT together with some synthetic drugs. Co-administration of the antibiotics amoxicillin and metronidazole (AMPC-MET) significantly increased the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of PF, whereas it markedly decreased that of PM-I, to 2.6% of the normal AUC by administration of a single dose, and less than 1% by a 3-day pretreatment. Similar effects were observed using the combination of ofloxacin with SGT. The PF-metabolizing activity of intestinal bacteria was reduced to 16% and 33% of normal levels by treatment with AMPC-MET and ofloxacin, respectively, which caused alterations of that degree in the extent of absorption of PF and PM-I, but did not affect their rate of absorption or elimination. The present study suggests that it may not be appropriate to use SGT simultaneously with antibiotics such as AMPC-MET or ofloxacin, and also reveals the important role of intestinal bacteria in the pharmacokinetics of the active components of this traditional Chinese formulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of co-administered antibiotics on the pharmacokinetic fate in rats of paeoniflorin and its active metabolite paeonimetabolin-I from Shaoyao-Gancao-tang

He¹,

Akao

Tani³

2003

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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“…The differences in the degree and duration of the reducing effects of the two antibiotics on the GL-metabolizing activity might result from differences in their antibacterial activities. The minimum inhibitory concentration of AMPC (Oguri & Kosakai 1979) or MET (Aldridge et al 1983) against many anaerobic bacteria is less than 0.39 ·g mL ¡1 , which is lower than that of ofloxacin (Drew & Gallis 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Repetitive administration of Shaoyao-Gancao-tang to rats restores the bioavailability of glycyrrhizin reduced by antibiotic treatment

Akao

Tani

2003

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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Shaoyao-Gancao-tang (SGT), a traditional Chinese formulation, is often used together with antibiotics such as amoxicillin and metronidazole (AMPC-MET) for the treatment of peptic ulcers in Japan. However, the bioavailability of glycyrrhizin (GL) in SGT is severely reduced by a single administration of AMPC-MET, and the reducing effect continues for 12 days. GL is one of the major pharmacologically important glycosides in SGT and is transformed into the active metabolite 18beta-glycyrrhetic acid (GA) by intestinal bacteria in the gut, followed by absorption of the latter into the blood. In order to reduce the negative effect of AMPC-MET on the bioavailability of GL, the optimum scheduling of the medications was examined. We found that the reduction in the plasma GA concentration and the GL-metabolizing activity in faeces caused by a single dose of AMPC-MET could be sharply attenuated by the repetitive administration of SGT for 4 days. The GA concentration and the GL-metabolizing activity were strongly enhanced by further continuous administration of SGT. These findings suggest that repetitive administration of SGT starting 1 or 2 days after the administration of AMPC-MET speeds the recovery of the bioavailability of GL in SGT. Similar strategies for administering medications may also be useful for combination therapy of antibiotics with other traditional Chinese formulations containing bioactive glycosides.

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“…In 1983 we found 87% of the B. fragilis group were cephalosporinase producers, whereas in 1988 and 2001 this rate was Ն97% (1, 2,7). Interestingly the B. distasonis isolates are often ␤-lactamase nonproducers but remain highly resistant to penicillin G or ampicillin (1,13). Moreover, we previously reported (4) that of the B. fragilis group species, B. distasonis isolates were the most resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and amoxicillinclavulanate, whereas piperacillin-tazobactam was active against all of the same isolates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteremia Due to Bacteroides fragilis Group: Distribution of Species, β-Lactamase Production, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns

Aldridge

Ashcraft

O’Brien

et al. 2003

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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A retrospective analysis of susceptibility data on 542 blood isolates of the Bacteroides fragilis group tested from 1987 to 1999 by the same NCCLS-recommended broth microdilution method throughout is presented. Metronidazole, ␤-lactam-␤-lactamase inhibitor combinations, carbapenems, and trovafloxacin were the most active agents (susceptibility of >93%). Among the cephalosporin-cephamycins, the order of activity was cefoxitin > ceftizoxime > cefotetan ‫؍‬ cefotaxime ‫؍‬ cefmetazole > ceftriaxone. All isolates were resistant to penicillin G, and 22% were resistant to clindamycin. The susceptibility rates to piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, and meropenem were affected least among isolates resistant to cefoxitin or clindamycin. Except for piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, and meropenem, the B. fragilis species was more susceptible than were the non-B. fragilis species. These data underscore the importance of susceptibility testing of the B. fragilis group and can serve as a guide in the choice of empirical antimicrobial therapy.

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Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase production

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of co-administered antibiotics on the pharmacokinetic fate in rats of paeoniflorin and its active metabolite paeonimetabolin-I from Shaoyao-Gancao-tang

Influence of co-administered antibiotics on the pharmacokinetic fate in rats of paeoniflorin and its active metabolite paeonimetabolin-I from Shaoyao-Gancao-tang

Repetitive administration of Shaoyao-Gancao-tang to rats restores the bioavailability of glycyrrhizin reduced by antibiotic treatment

Bacteremia Due to Bacteroides fragilis Group: Distribution of Species, β-Lactamase Production, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns

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