Susceptibility of Anopheles campestris-like and Anopheles barbirostris species complexes to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in Thailand

Thongsahuan, Sorawat; Baimai, Visut; Junkum, Anuluck; Saeung, Atiporn; Min, Gi–Sik; Joshi, Deeksha; Park, Mi-Hyun; Somboon, Pradya; Suwonkerd, Wannapa; Tippawangkosol, Pongsri; Jariyapan, Narissara; Choochote, Wej

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762011000100017

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…barbirostris group were refractory to P. falciparum but susceptible to P. vivax (Somboon et al, 1994;Thongsahuan et al, 2011). We endorse Durnez et al (2011) that all ELISA-positive specimens should be confirmed by a Plasmodium specific PCR before definite conclusion of vector status can be made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

False positivity of circumsporozoite protein (CSP)–ELISA in zoophilic anophelines in Bangladesh

et al. 2013

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Circumsporozoite protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (CSP-ELISA) are widely used for malaria vector identification throughout the world. However, several studies have reported false-positive results when using this method. The present study was conducted to estimate the frequency of false positives among anopheline species in malaria endemic areas of Bangladesh. In total, 4,724 Anopheles females belonging to 25 species were collected and tested for Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax-210, and P. vivax-247 CSP. Initially, 144 samples tested positive using routine CSP-ELISA, but the number of positive results declined to 85 (59%) when the samples were tested after heating at 100 0 C for 10 min to remove false-positive specimens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

False positivity of circumsporozoite protein (CSP)–ELISA in zoophilic anophelines in Bangladesh

et al. 2013

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“…saeungae, are all considered to be outdoor-biting and generalist-feeding. Despite the fact that many secondary vectors can be infected with P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in laboratory and field settings [13, 29–32], these vectors are still not regularly screened for infection. Since ELISA positivity can overestimate entomological inoculation rates [33], PCR analysis of DNA extracted from the head and thorax alone was used, along with sequence data, to more accurately identify Plasmodium -infected anophelines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cow-baited tents are highly effective in sampling diverse Anopheles malaria vectors in Cambodia

Laurent

Miller

et al. 2016

Malar J

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BackgroundThe accurate monitoring and evaluation of malaria vectors requires efficient sampling. The objective of this study was to compare methods for sampling outdoor-biting Anopheles mosquitoes in Cambodia.MethodsIn the Cambodian provinces of Pursat, Preah Vihear, and Ratanakiri, six different mosquito trapping methods were evaluated: human landing collection (HLC), human-baited tent (HBT), cow-baited tent (CBT), CDC miniature light trap (LT), CDC miniature light trap baited with molasses and yeast (LT-M), and barrier fence (F) in a Latin square design during four or six consecutive nights at the height of the malaria transmission season.ResultsUsing all traps, a total of 507, 1175, and 615 anophelines were collected in Pursat, Preah Vihear, and Ratanakiri, respectively. CBTs captured 10- to 20-fold more anophelines per night than the other five sampling methods. All 2297 Anopheles mosquitoes were morphologically identified and molecularly typed using standard morphological keys and sequencing the rDNA ITS2 region to distinguish cryptic species, respectively. Overall, an extremely diverse set of 27 known Anopheles species was sampled. CBTs captured the same molecular species that HLCs and the other four traps did, as well as additional species. Nine specimens representing five Anopheles species (Anopheles hyrcanus, Anopheles barbirostris sensu stricto, Anopheles barbirostris clade III, Anopheles nivipes, and Anopheles peditaeniatus) were infected with Plasmodium falciparum and were exclusively captured in CBTs.ConclusionsThese data indicate that cow-baited tents are highly effective in sampling diverse Anopheles malaria vectors in Cambodia. This sampling method captured high numbers of anophelines with limited sampling effort and greatly reduced human exposure to mosquito bites compared to the gold-standard human landing collection.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1488-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…There are several secondary malaria vectors that may facilitate malaria transmission in the GMS. Anopheles sawadwongporni , a member of the Anopheles maculatus group, has been incriminated as a malaria vector in Thailand [17] and Anopheles campestris , predominantly found in rice paddies throughout the GMS is suspected to be a secondary malaria vector in Thailand [18]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ivermectin susceptibility and sporontocidal effect in Greater Mekong Subregion Anopheles

Kobylinski

Ubalee

Ponlawat

et al. 2017

Malar J

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BackgroundNovel vector control methods that can directly target outdoor malaria transmission are urgently needed in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) to accelerate malaria elimination and artemisinin resistance containment efforts. Ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA) to humans has been shown to effectively kill wild Anopheles and suppress malaria transmission in West Africa. Preliminary laboratory investigations were performed to determine ivermectin susceptibility and sporontocidal effect in GMS Anopheles malaria vectors coupled with pharmacokinetic models of ivermectin at escalating doses.MethodsA population-based pharmacokinetic model of ivermectin was developed using pre-existing data from a clinical trial conducted in Thai volunteers at the 200 µg/kg dose. To assess ivermectin susceptibility, various concentrations of ivermectin compound were mixed in human blood meals and blood-fed to Anopheles dirus, Anopheles minimus, Anopheles sawadwongporni, and Anopheles campestris. Mosquito survival was monitored daily for 7 days and a non-linear mixed effects model with probit analyses was used to calculate concentrations of ivermectin that killed 50% (LC50) of mosquitoes for each species. Blood samples were collected from Plasmodium vivax positive patients and offered to mosquitoes with or without ivermectin at the ivermectin LC25 or LC5 for An. dirus and An. minimus.ResultsThe GMS Anopheles displayed a range of susceptibility to ivermectin with species listed from most to least susceptible being An. minimus (LC50 = 16.3 ng/ml) > An. campestris (LC50 = 26.4 ng/ml) = An. sawadwongporni (LC50 = 26.9 ng/ml) > An. dirus (LC50 = 55.6 ng/ml). Mosquito survivorship results, the pharmacokinetic model, and extensive safety data indicated that ivermectin 400 µg/kg is the ideal minimal dose for MDA in the GMS for malaria parasite transmission control. Ivermectin compound was sporontocidal to P. vivax in both An. dirus and An. minimus at the LC25 and LC5 concentrations.ConclusionsIvermectin is lethal to dominant GMS Anopheles malaria vectors and inhibits sporogony of P. vivax at safe human relevant concentrations. The data suggest that ivermectin MDA has potential in the GMS as a vector and transmission blocking control tool to aid malaria elimination efforts.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-017-1923-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Susceptibility of Anopheles campestris-like and Anopheles barbirostris species complexes to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in Thailand

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

False positivity of circumsporozoite protein (CSP)–ELISA in zoophilic anophelines in Bangladesh

False positivity of circumsporozoite protein (CSP)–ELISA in zoophilic anophelines in Bangladesh

Cow-baited tents are highly effective in sampling diverse Anopheles malaria vectors in Cambodia

Ivermectin susceptibility and sporontocidal effect in Greater Mekong Subregion Anopheles

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