Susceptibility of Oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae and pupae to native entomopathogenic nematodes

Abstract

The Oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of cereal crops, and its outbreaks result in complete crop loss. In this study, we tested the pathogenicity and reproductive potential of indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar, & David NBAIIH38, Steinernema abbasi Elawad NBAIISa01, S. carpocapsae Weiser NBAIISc05 and S. siamkayai Stock, Somsook and Reid NBAIRS92 against larval and pupal stages of M. separata under laboratory conditions. Steinernema carpocapsae caused significantly greater mortality in second‐ and fourth‐instar larval stages than other EPNs species. Steinernema carpocapsae caused greatest mortality 100% in larval stages and 75% in pupal stages. Significant differences were observed in the lethal concentration values (LC50 and LC90) of EPNs species against different stages of M. separata. Differences in penetration and multiplication in the fourth‐instar larval stages of M. separata were observed amongst the EPNs species. However, further studies are needed to reveal the field performance of EPN isolates tested to be included in the IPM programme of M. separata.

Biocontrol potential of entomopathogenic nematodes for the sustainable management of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize

“…The virulence of H. indica 1 NBAIIH38, H. indica 2 NBAIIH03, H. bacteriophora NBAIRH75, S. carpocapsae NBAIRS59 and S. siamkayai 3 NBAIIS31 to S. frugiperda pupae was determined using the methodology described in Patil et al 23 The assay was performed in a 50-mL plastic container (4.8 cm diameter, 5 cm height and 18.06 cm 2 surface area) containing 53 g of sterilized soil and sand (1:1). For each replicate, a single pupa was placed into a centrally placed well (2 cm diameter, 2 cm deep) in each container.…”

Indigenous entomopathogenic nematode as biocontrol agents for insect pest management in hilly regions

“…In our findings, the calculated LC50 of 3 rd instar larvae was 23.84IJs/larva (95%FL: 18.44-30.82) and 4 th instar larvae was 20.64IJs/larva (95%FL: 15.79-26.97). The insecticidal potential of H. indica, S. carpocapsae, Steinernema abbasi and Steinernema siamkayai was also evaluated against M. separata under laboratory conditions and 100% larval mortality was recorded (31). They further reported significant differences in LC50 and LC90 value after exposure of M. separata towards different species of EPNs.…”

Ecofriendly Controlled-Release Insecticide Carrier: pH-/Temperature-Responsive Rosin-Derived Hydrogels for Avermectin Delivery against Mythimna separata (Walker)

“…In China, it is also included in the "List of Class I Crop Diseases and Pests" and ranks first on the list. 1 In the present stage, the application of chemical insecticides, such as avermectin (AVM), pyrethroids, and chlorantraniliprole (CAP), is the primary means of prevention and control. 2 However, their use has multiple unavoidable issues, such as being prone to drift, 3 runoff, and decomposing under external conditions (enzymes, light, microorganisms, and temperature).…”

“…The Oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata) Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major migratory pest alerted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and has caused insect infestations in 100 countries around the world, causing serious losses. In China, it is also included in the “List of Class I Crop Diseases and Pests” and ranks first on the list . In the present stage, the application of chemical insecticides, such as avermectin (AVM), pyrethroids, and chlorantraniliprole (CAP), is the primary means of prevention and control .…”