Susceptibility of Prototheca zopfii strains isolated from cows with mastitis to chlorhexidine and iodine

Krukowski, Henryk; Lisowski, A.; Nowakowicz-Dębek, Bożena; Wlazło, Łukasz

doi:10.3906/vet-1110-43

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mycotic mastitis is a widely prevalent disease in dairy animals, which includes cows, buffaloes, goats, camels, and sheep. The disease has been reported from many countries of the world, such as Israel, USA, Brazil, Egypt, Ethiopia, Poland, Mexico, India [3,9,15,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Fungal mastitis can affect a single animal in a sporadic form or may involve several animals in the form of an outbreak [6,25,26].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Etiology, Transmission, Epidemiology, Clinical Spectrum, Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Mastitis in Dairy Animals: A Mini Review

Pal

2023

IJFSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mastitis is a major production disease of dairy animals, which is caused by more than 136 microorganisms. The disease is highly significant due to huge economic losses to the dairy farmers. It is reported in both developing and developed nations of the world. The infection of the mammary gland is more commonly encountered in exotic and cross-bred animals. The incidence of subclinical mastitis seems to be higher than clinical mastitis. There are many species of fungi that are associated with the etiology of mastitis in dairy animals, such as cows, buffaloes, goats, camels, and sheep. Among fungal agents, Candida species are the most frequently isolated from mastitis cases. The extensive, prolonged, and indiscriminate use of antibacterial antibiotics and hydrocortisone in the conventional treatment of mastitis has predisposed dairy animals to mycotic mastitis. Fungal pathogens have the potential to produce both clinical and subclinical mastitis in milch animals. Fungi are widely prevalent in the environment, and hence, unhygienic sheds of animals may provide a source of fungal infection of the mammary gland. The infection may spread through the milker's hand and milking machine. Clinical signs and symptoms of fungal mastitis resemble bacterial mastitis. Laboratory techniques are required to confirm the diagnosis of the disease. The fungi are easily isolated from the mastitic milk on Sabouraud dextrose agar and Pal sunflower seed medium. Microscopic morphology of fungal isolates can be studied in Narayan stain. Nystatin therapy has shown encouraging results in the management of mastitis cases caused by Candida species. The treatment of mycotic mastitis, mainly due to Cryptococcus neoformans is challenging. The implementation of good hygienic practices during milking, proper sanitation measures in the cow sheds, and immediate cessation of antibacterial antibiotics may help to reduce the prevalence and incidence of fungal mastitis.

show abstract

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fungal infections may account for up to 2 to 13% of all cases of mastitis in cows [21]. Lassa and Smulski [28] reported that the prevalence of fungal mastitis in Europe in cows may range from 1 to 10%.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology, Transmission, Epidemiology, Clinical Spectrum, Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Mastitis in Dairy Animals: A Mini Review

Pal

2023

IJFSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is difficult to identify the best disinfectant from the review of literature, varying dilutions, and times of exposure. Among conventional preparations chlorhexidine and iodine appear as the most suitable options [9,10,[93][94][95], proven to be active at lower concentrations than that recommended by the manufacturer [95]. Quaternary ammonium salts and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid resulted in active, too [10].…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototheca spp. in Bovine Infections

Nardoni,

Mancianti

2023

Encyclopedia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prototheca microalgae, although still considered uncommon etiologic agents, represent an insidious intruder, threatening cattle herd health and determining productive losses. Increasing numbers of clinical cases globally identified would indicate these microalgae as emerging pathogens. They can be isolated from a wide variety of environmental and non-environmental sources, due also to their ability to produce biofilm. This ability to spread and contaminate a huge variety of substrates, as well as the high resistance to elevated temperatures, renders Prototheca prevention a very hard task. In addition, early infection signs are subtle and difficult to detect. The poor response to conventional antimycotic drugs represents an additional challenge when facing this infection. Although it would seem unrealistic to completely eradicate the exposure risk of cows to these microalgae, the adoption of proper on-farm protocols and management, with the highest attention to hygiene measures, would be beneficial in reducing the magnitude of this problem. Keeping the attention focused on early diagnosis, together with the development of new, alternative, and effective agents and formulations, would be strongly advised to prevent, treat, and control Prototheca infections.

show abstract

The Current State of Antimicrobial Use in Bovine Mastitis in Various African Countries

Zyl

Jaarsveld

Viljoen

et al. 2023

Antimicrobial Research and One Health in Africa

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Susceptibility of Prototheca zopfii strains isolated from cows with mastitis to chlorhexidine and iodine

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Etiology, Transmission, Epidemiology, Clinical Spectrum, Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Mastitis in Dairy Animals: A Mini Review

Etiology, Transmission, Epidemiology, Clinical Spectrum, Diagnosis and Management of Fungal Mastitis in Dairy Animals: A Mini Review

Prototheca spp. in Bovine Infections

The Current State of Antimicrobial Use in Bovine Mastitis in Various African Countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About