Susceptibility of sheep to European bat lyssavirus type-1 and -2 infection: A clinical pathogenesis study☆

Brookes, Sharon M.; Klopfleisch, Robert; Müller, Thomas; Healy, Derek M.; Teifke, Jens Peter; Lange, Elke; Kliemt, Janette; Johnson, Nick; Johnson, Linda; Kaden, Volker; Vos, Adriaan; Fooks, Anthony R.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.05.031

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Naquela ocasião os ovinos desenvolveram alterações do comportamento, agressão, investidas contra objetos e convulsões, um quadro bastante diferente do observado nos ovinos deste relato. Além da origem do vírus (morcego ou cão), as características da cepa viral também parecem influenciar o quadro clínico, pois ovinos infectados pela mordida de cães desenvolveram sinais da forma paralítica da doença (Lima et al 2005) e casos experimentais de raiva em ovinos com variantes virais européias isoladas de morcegos reproduziram doença clínica com características da forma furiosa da doença (Brookes et al 2007). Não foram encontradas alterações macroscópicas nos dois ovinos necropsiados.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Ocorrência de raiva em ovinos no Rio Grande do Sul

et al. 2008

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Cases of rabies in sheep occurring in November 2003, in central Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, are described. A 3-month-old male, and a 2.5-month-old female sheep were affected. Clinical signs were characterized by abnormal gait, trembling, lateral recumbency, convulsion, opisthotonus, and fever. Histological findings included a non-suppurative myelomeningoencephalitis associated with intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion (Negri) bodies in neurons. Lesions were predominantly observed in gray matter of the spinal cord, brainstem and cerebellum. There was non-suppurative Gasserian ganglionitis in one sheep in which this structure was examined. Immunohistochemistry using rabies virus ribonucleoprotein polyclonal antibody yelded positive result in brain tissue from both sheep. The cases herein reported occurred concomitantly to an outbreak of bat transmitted rabies in cattle in the same region and were considered, on epidemiological basis, to be transmitted by bats, as occurs in endemic bovine rabies in Rio Grande do Sul.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Ocorrência de raiva em ovinos no Rio Grande do Sul

et al. 2008

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“…Consequently, the pathogenesis of EBLV-1 has been studied in several non-reservoir species, i.e. mice, dogs, cats, red foxes, ferrets and sheep (Fekadu et al, 1988;Schneider, 1982;Baltazar et al, 1988;Vos et al, 2004a, b;Tjornehoj et al, 2006;Brookes et al, 2007;Picard-Meyer et al, 2008). The susceptibility of bats (M. daubentonii and Myotis brandtii) to infection with EBLV-1 and another unclassified bat rabies virus isolate has been studied in Russia (Botvinkin et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental infection of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) with European bat lyssavirus type 1a

Freuling

Vos

Johnson³

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

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The serotine bat (Eptesicus serotinus) accounts for the vast majority of bat rabies cases in Europe and is considered the main reservoir for European bat lyssavirus type 1 (EBLV-1, genotype 5). However, so far the disease has not been investigated in its native host under experimental conditions. To assess viral virulence, dissemination and probable means of transmission, captive bats were infected experimentally with an EBLV-1a virus isolated from a naturally infected conspecific from Germany. Twenty-nine wild caught bats were divided into five groups and inoculated by intracranial (i.c.), intramuscular (i.m.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection or by intranasal (i.n.) inoculation to mimic the various potential routes of infection. One group of bats was maintained as uninfected controls. Mortality was highest in the i.c.-infected animals, followed by the s.c. and i.m. groups. Incubation periods varied from 7 to 26 days depending on the route of infection. Rabies did not develop in the i.n. group or in the negative-control group. None of the infected bats seroconverted. Viral antigen was detected in more than 50 % of the taste buds of an i.c.-infected animal. Shedding of viable virus was measured by virus isolation in cell culture for one bat from the s.c. group at 13 and 14 days post-inoculation, i.e. 7 days before death. In conclusion, it is postulated that s.c. inoculation, in nature caused by bites, may be an efficient way of transmitting EBLV-1 among free-living serotine bats.

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“…Botvinkin et al (1992) studied the susceptibility of Myotis daubentoni and Myotis brandtii to infection with RABV and EBLV. Limited experimental studies of EBLV pathogenesis have been conducted in non-reservoir species, such as Egyptian flying foxes (Van der Poel et al, 2000), ferrets (Vos et al, 2004a), red foxes (Baltazar et al, 1988;Vos et al, 2004b;Picard-Meyer et al, 2008), dogs, mice and cats (Fekadu et al, 1988) and sheep (Baltazar et al, 1988;Tjørnehøj et al, 2006;Brookes et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of North American big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) to infection with European bat lyssavirus type 1

Franka

Johnson

Müller

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility of insectivorous bats (using the big brown bat as a model) to infection with European bat lyssavirus type 1a , to assess the dynamics of host immune responses and to evaluate the opportunity for horizontal viral transmission within colonies. Two isolates of EBLV-1a, originating from Slovakia (EBLV-1aSK) and Germany (EBLV-1aGE), were tested. According to EUROBATS, an organization dedicated to the conservation of European bat populations, 45 species of bat are geographically distributed throughout Europe (Eurobats, 2004). So far, EBLV-1 has been found predominantly in specific association with the serotine

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Susceptibility of sheep to European bat lyssavirus type-1 and -2 infection: A clinical pathogenesis study☆

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

Ocorrência de raiva em ovinos no Rio Grande do Sul

Ocorrência de raiva em ovinos no Rio Grande do Sul

Experimental infection of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) with European bat lyssavirus type 1a

Susceptibility of North American big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) to infection with European bat lyssavirus type 1

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