Susceptibility to the common cold virus is associated with day length

Wyse, Cathy; Clarke, Ava C.; Nordon, Enya A.; Murtagh, Collette; Keogh, Alexandra A.; Lopez, Lorna M.

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104789

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…One of the main changes with season is that inspired air is colder in Winter compared to Summer and a hypothesis has been put forward that breathing cold air inhibits local defences against infection in the upper airway by slowing muco-ciliary clearance and slowing the activity of leukocytes (45). Discussion of all the different factors that may influence the seasonality of respiratory infections would be too great a task for the current review and therefore the reader is directed to some of the literature on this topic (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48).…”

Section: Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seasons of Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter are determined by changes of day length in the Northern and Southern hemispheres and by changes such as rainfall in the Tropics where day length does not vary. Respiratory virus infections are present throughout the year, but the incidence of infection does vary with season with more symptomatic infections present in Winter and during the rainy season ( 42 , 43 ). The seasonality of respiratory infections and common cold and flu is part of folk-lore and culture and many different causes for this seasonality have been proposed.…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Common cold

Eccles

2023

Front. Allergy

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The common cold is a unique human disease, as it is arguably the most common disease and because of the large number of respiratory viruses causing colds it is one of the most complex of human diseases. This review discusses the respiratory viruses and notes that all these viruses may cause the illness complex recognised as the common cold. The common cold is discussed as part of the “iceberg concept” of disease which ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe illness and death. The factors influencing the incidence of colds are discussed: crowding and sociability, stress, smoking and alcohol, immune status, sex, age, sleep, season, chilling, nutrition and exercise. The mechanism of symptoms related to the innate immune response is explained and symptomatic treatments are tabulated. Morbidity associated with common cold is discussed and possible vaccines.

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Section: Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common cold

Eccles

2023

Front. Allergy

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Seasonal changes in secretory immunity indices in saliva in indigenous and alien inhabitants of the Yakutia Arctic zone

Khripach,

Knyazeva,

Makovetskaya

et al. 2023

Hygiene and Sanitation

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Introduction. The combination of extreme climate with intensive migration processes creates favourable conditions for the spread of infectious diseases in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study: comparative analysis of immunity indicators in saliva samples of indigenous and alien residents of Yakutia Arctic zone, taking into account the influence of seasonal factors. Materials and methods. Samples of mixed saliva of indigenous (n=212) and alien (n=120) male residents from Chokurdakh and Tiksi settlements were taken in 4 batches corresponding to the seasonal transition from summer to early winter. Levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) and cytokines IL-1ß, IL-8 and IL-6 in saliva were determined by ELISA. Main Effects ANOVA was used for the data analysis. Results. No significant age-related changes of the indicators were found. During the transition from summer to winter, there was a decrease in sIgA, IL-1ß, and IL-8 levels in saliva of the examined persons (p from 0.001 to 1.6•10–7). Rate of seasonal changes did not differ between indigenous and alien inhabitants. IL-6 level in saliva of Chokurdakh residents (200 km from the sea) was higher (F(1,139)=9,202; p=0.003) and sIgA level was lower (F(1,324)=3,560; p=0.060) than corresponding levels in residents of coastal settlement Tiksi. Comparison of the body mass indices (medians 24.3 in Chokurdakh and 26.2 in Tiksi, p=0.0005) confirms that it may be the result of inequality in physical activity of residents due to almost 2-fold increase in wind speed and precipitation in Tiksi. Limitations. Monitoring period till the beginning of winter, and not later, could predetermine the absence of the expected differences between indigenous (evolutionarily adapted) and alien residents. Conclusion. Evaluation of immunity indicators in saliva samples is a simple and informative approach to study mechanisms of human adaptation to extreme climatic conditions.

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Susceptibility to the common cold virus is associated with day length

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Common cold

Common cold

Seasonal changes in secretory immunity indices in saliva in indigenous and alien inhabitants of the Yakutia Arctic zone

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