Suspected lack of efficacy of a live IBR marker vaccine in two dairy herds

Allcock, James; May, Bill; Wright, Tom; Otter, A.

doi:10.1136/vr.c6208

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, it is known that the administration of the gE-/tk-deleted IBR live marker vaccines can lead to a short increase in rectal temperature of up to 2 • C, which was not observed in this study. Moreover, the results of this study contrasted those of a previous study that reported several adverse reactions in different herds of over 550 cattle after administration of a modified-live gE-deletion marker vaccine [20]. Bacilli et al [21] also demonstrated that after the administration of a ts live strain of BoAHV-1, animals showed different adverse reactions, such as painful palpation, increased skin thickness at the inoculation site and increased rectal temperature from 6 to 168 h after the booster.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Assessment of BoAHV-1 Seronegative Latent Carrier by the Administration of Two Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Live Marker Vaccines in Calves

Petrini,

Righi,

Costantino

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Seronegative latent carriers (SNLCs) are animals that carry the virus without detectable antibodies and pose a risk for disease transmission and diagnostic challenges, suggesting the importance of consideration of marker vaccines in managing them. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated two modified live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) marker vaccines (single and double deletions) for their ability to generate SNLC calves. These vaccines were administered to four groups (n = 3 in each group) of three-month-old calves in the presence or absence of passive immunity. Three hundred days after the first vaccination and after confirming the IBR seronegativity of all animals, dexamethasone was administered intravenously for five consecutive days. Only animals immunized with the modified live IBR marker vaccine (single deletion) in the absence of passive immunity exhibited a more enduring immune response than those vaccinated in the presence of passive immunity. Moreover, the administration of a modified live IBR marker vaccine (double deletion) to calves with passive immunity generated SNLC. These findings underscore the potential of live IBR marker vaccine (double-deletions) to aid serological diagnostic tools and develop vaccination protocols in achieving the desired immune response, particularly in the context of latent carrier status, offering valuable insights into optimizing vaccination strategies for effective IBR control.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Assessment of BoAHV-1 Seronegative Latent Carrier by the Administration of Two Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Live Marker Vaccines in Calves

Petrini,

Righi,

Costantino

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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“…Allcock et al reported outbreaks of clinically infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in two dairy herds routinely vaccinated with a live IBR marker vaccine (i.m.) approximately 6–8 weeks before the outbreak [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an Immunization Protocol Using Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 1 gE-Deleted Marker Vaccines against Bubaline Alphaherpesvirus 1 in Water Buffaloes

et al. 2023

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European regulations on the control of infectious diseases provide measures to control Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) infection in both cattle and buffalo. Owing to the reported serological cross-reactivity between BoHV-1 and Bubaline alphaherpesvirus 1 (BuHV-1), we hypothesized a new immunization protocol using BoHV-1 gE-deleted marker vaccines could protect water buffalo against BuHV-1. Five water buffaloes devoid of BoHV-1/BuHV-1-neutralizing antibodies were immunized with two commercial BoHV-1 gE-deleted marker vaccines at 0, 30, 210, and 240 post-vaccination days (PVDs). Five additional water buffaloes were used as controls. At 270 PVD (0 post-challenge days (PCDs), all animals were challenged intranasally with wild-type (wt) BuHV-1. The vaccinated animals produced humoral immunity (HI) as early as PVD 30 whereas, in control animals, antibodies were detected on PCD 10. After challenge infection, HI significantly increased in vaccinated animals compared to that in controls. Real-time PCR for gB revealed viral shedding in vaccinated animals from PCDs 2 to 10. In contrast, positive results were observed from PCDs 2 to 15 in the unvaccinated control group. Although the findings indicated the possible protection capabilities of the tested protocol, these findings did not support its protective roles in water buffaloes against wt-BuHV-1.

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“…There has been some discussion in the literature regarding the appropriate investigation of SLEE events related to BoHV-1 vaccination. Allcock and others (2010) have reported two SLEE events in dairy herds vaccinated using a live marker BoHV-1 vaccine. These cases were diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs, response to booster vaccination and fluorescent antibody testing (FAT) of conjunctival swabs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An outbreak of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in a herd vaccinated with a live glycoprotein E deleted (marker) bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV‐1) vaccine: lessons to be learned

Tomlinson

Hopker

Corbishley

2017

Vet Record Case Reports

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Vaccines are commonly used in the control of bovine respiratory disease; however, the field performance of these vaccines is poorly understood. We describe an outbreak of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in a 383-animal beef finishing unit in Scotland four months after vaccination with a live glycoprotein E deleted (marker) bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) vaccine. Seroconversion to the vaccine was confirmed in acute sera, and seroconversion to field virus was confirmed in convalescent sera. BoHV-1 was also identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and conjunctival swabs using PCR. This outbreak highlights the importance of the reporting of veterinary vaccine suspected lack of expected efficacy events, as well as the paucity of data available to practitioners relating to the field performance of veterinary vaccines.

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Suspected lack of efficacy of a live IBR marker vaccine in two dairy herds

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of BoAHV-1 Seronegative Latent Carrier by the Administration of Two Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Live Marker Vaccines in Calves

Assessment of BoAHV-1 Seronegative Latent Carrier by the Administration of Two Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Live Marker Vaccines in Calves

Evaluation of an Immunization Protocol Using Bovine Alphaherpesvirus 1 gE-Deleted Marker Vaccines against Bubaline Alphaherpesvirus 1 in Water Buffaloes

An outbreak of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in a herd vaccinated with a live glycoprotein E deleted (marker) bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV‐1) vaccine: lessons to be learned

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